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Animal Health Parasites Their Life Cycles and Classification Infectious Agents Causing Disease can be divided into Three General Groups: Bacteria Viruses Parasites Bacteria • Simple plant life • Microscopic • Can be Pathogenic and beneficial • Live outside of host • Sensitive to antibiotics Viruses • Are Ultra-microscopic • Live in tissue of host cells • Are resistant to antibiotics • highly contagious Parasites • Live in, on, or at the expense of Bot fly common horse parasite the host. • Infections develop slowly • Difficult to eradicate completely • Animals do not develop resistance • Animals may not show symptoms • Host-specific • Include fungi, protozoa, arthropods, and helminths The Parasites in this Group • Cause tissue damage • Causes growths • Absorb nutrients • General irritation • Suck blood and lymph • Secondary infections • Obstruct passages • Cause serious economic damage Non-infectious Agents That Cause Disease • • • • Chemical and poisons Poor Nutrition Injuries Physical stress from breeding, conception, lactation, and birth • Any other stress or trauma that weakens the animal or its immune system to secondary infections Causes Of Disease • Nutritional Defects – Result from unbalanced diets • Morphological Defects – Physical disabilities • Pathogenic Organisms • Physiological Defects – Improper functioning of body parts – Tiny living things capable of causing disease Life Cycle of Tapeworm in a Sheep Ascarids Strongyles Beef and Pork Tapeworms The Life Cycle of Flies Occurs in Four Stages Lice Ticks Tick infested horse
