Download Respiratory System

Respiratory System
Diseases and Disorders
Tonsillitis

Inflammation of the tonsils (tonsils are
lymph tissue on the side and in the back
of the throat)
Sinusitis

Inflammation of the sinuses resulting
from some kind of infection
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi resulting
from infection
 Persistent and irritating cough yielding
sputum, a tight chest, wheezing, pain
with cough

Whooping Cough (pertussis)

Intense bouts of coughing that interferes
with breathing and can cause vomiting.
Can lead to complications that can be life
threatening
Pneumonia

Inflammation that causes the alveoli to fill
with fluid
Pneumothorax (collapsed lung)

Air enters the pleural cavity (space
surrounding the lung) and causes the
lung to collapse
Pneumothorax
Tuberculosis
Infectious disease that attacks the lungs
 Causes severe coughing, bloody
sputum, fever, night sweats, weight loss
 50% of patients with advance symptoms
die from disease

Asthma
Estimated 300 million people worldwide
suffer from asthma
 Main Causes of Asthma

Airway constriction
 Inflammation

Asthma

Types of Asthma
1.
2.
Allergic Asthma – triggered by an allergic
reaction to allergens (like pollen or pet
dander)
Nonallergic Asthma – triggered by
substances in the air (tobacco, smoke,
deodorizers, paint fumes, perfumes,
odors)
Asthma

Types of Asthma
3.
4.
5.
Nocturnal – Symptoms that seem worse
in the middle of the night
Pregnancy – among pregnant patients
who have asthma, 1/3 will improve, 1/3 will
remain stable, and 1/3 will experience
worsening of asthma
Occupational- caused by exposure to a
substance in the workplace
911: The Bronx – Severe Asthma
Lung Cancer
Disease of uncontrolled cell growth in the
lungs
 Most common cause is long term
exposure to tobacco smoke
 15% of cases are in nonsmokers

The main respiratory consequences of smoking marijuana
regularly (one joint a day) are pulmonary infections and
respiratory cancer.
The effects also include:
• chronic bronchitis
• impairment in the function of the smaller air passages
• inflammation of the lung
• the development of potentially pre-cancerous abnormalities in
the bronchial lining and lungs
• a reduction in the capabilities of many defensive mechanisms
within the lungs.
•Marijuana smoke and cigarette smoke contain many of the same
toxins, including one which has been identified as a key factor in
the promotion of lung cancer.
•This toxin is found in the tar phase of both, and it should be noted
that one joint has four times more tar than a cigarette,
which means that the lungs are exposed four-fold to this toxin and
others in the tar.
•It is notable that several reports indicate an
unexpectedly large proportion of marijuana users
among cases of lung cancer and cancers of the
oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
www.sarnia.com/GROUPS/ANTIDRUG/mrr/ 21.96.10.html
for information on the link between chemicals contained in
marijuana and lung cancer.
http://www.marijuananews.com/latest_research_finds_that_heavy.htm
for an article concerning the link between marijuana and
cancer
Marijuana

Medical treatment (THC) tetrahydrocannabinol
Nausea
 Glaucoma
 Pain
 Multiple Sclerosis

Marijuana

Side effects
Impairment of thinking, problem-solving
skills and memory
 Reduced balance and coordination
 Increased risk of respiratory infections &
diseases
 Potential for hallucinations and withdrawal
symptoms

Marijuana
Research has shown that marijuana’s
adverse impact on learning and memory
can last for days or weeks after the acute
effects of the drug wear off. As a result,
someone who smokes marijuana every
day may be functioning at a suboptimal
intellectual level all of the time.
Marijuana

A number of studies have shown an
association between chronic marijuana
use and increased rates of anxiety,
depression, suicidal ideation, and
schizophrenia.
Marijuana side effects

The Heart. One study found that the risk of
heart attack more than quadruples in the first
hour after smoking marijuana. This might be
from marijuana’s effects on blood pressure
and heart rate (it increases both) and reduced
oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
Marijuana side effects

The Lungs.

same respiratory problems as tobacco smokers







daily cough and phlegm production,
more frequent acute chest illness,
a heightened risk of lung infections,
greater tendency toward obstructed airways
Numerous studies have shown marijuana smoke to contain
carcinogens and to be an irritant to the lungs.
In fact, marijuana smoke contains 50 to 70 percent more
carcinogenic hydrocarbons than tobacco smoke.
Marijuana users usually inhale more deeply and hold their
breath longer than tobacco smokers do, which further
increases the lungs’ exposure to carcinogenic smoke
Marijuana side effects

Head and Neck. Smoking marijuana has been
linked with an increased risk of head and neck
cancers. Several case reports have found an
unexpectedly high number of marijuana users among
persons with cancers of the head and neck region,
including the mouth, tongue, throat, and larynx