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Transcript 
ORAL AND
GASTROINTESTINAL
DISEASES
CHAPTER 22
1
Anatomy Review

Mouth

Stomach

Small
Intestine
2
GIT Review

Large Intestine harbors most bacteria.
Food can hang out here for
60 hours or more.

Normal microflora Bacteriodes, E. coli, Clostridium
3
Oral Cavity Bacterial Diseases

Dental Plaque

“biofilm” Streptococcus
mutans and sanguis

Dental Caries
Tooth decay
Sorbitols, xylitols

Periodontal
disease
gingivitis
4
Oral Cavity Fungal Diseases

Thrush
Candida
5
Gastrointestinal Bacterial Intoxications

Staphylococcal Enterotoxicosis

Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxicosis
6
Gastrointestinal Bacterial Intoxications


Botulism
Clostridium botulinum
extreme toxicity of botulinum neurotoxin

Bacillus cereus - 2-5% 0f foodborne, enterotoxin

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin
7
Bacterial Infections

Enteritis

Dysentery
Inflammation of the intestine, mild diarrhea
severe diarhea
Salmonella typhi , Vibrio cholera
Risk of dehydration or anemia.
8
Bacterial Infectious Disease

Salmonellosis


chronic infection.
reproduction in macrophages

Typhoid Fever

chronic infection of lymphatic
tissue
9
Bacterial Shigellosis

Shigellosis

extreme dysentary.
 Plasmid-borne virulence
factors
10
Bacterial Infectious Disease

Asiatic
Cholera

Vibriosis

“uncooked shellfish”

Traveller’s
Diarrhea
enteroinvasive E.coli, Shigella, protozoa,
11
Bacterial Infectious Disease
more food poisoning

Campylobacter

Yersinia psychrophilic

Listeria- is one of the most virulent foodborne pathogens with 20 to
poultry, microaerophilic
30 percent of clinical infections resulting in death.
12
Bacterial Upper G.I. Disease

Peptic Ulcer/Chronic Gastritis
13
Bacterial Biliary Tract Disease

Pseudomembranous Colitis
Clostrudium difficile
14
Viral Gastrointestinal Disease

Viral Enteritis
Rotavirus , Norwalk virus (cruise ship FP)
15
Viral Hepatitis

Hepatitis A
Infectious oral, RNA

Hepatitis B
Blood borne, DNA
16
Hepatitis Incidence
17
Viral Hepatitis

Hepatitis C
blood, RNA

Hepatitis D
co-infection with B

Hepatitis E - oral , RNA
18
Protozoan GI Disease — Giardiasis

Giardia lamblia
19
Protozoan GI Disease — Amebic
Dysentery

Entameba histolytica
20
Protozoan GI Disease — Balantidiasis

Balantidium coli
21
Protozoan Gastrointestinal Disease

Cryptosporidiosis

fecal-oral route, cysts
22
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