Download Coping With Kidding_pt1

Coping with Kidding
Mary C. Smith DVM
Caprine Outing
September 18, 2010
Topics to be covered
 Breeding
 Pregnancy diagnosis
 Some problems during pregnancy
 Vaccination and nutrition programs
 Normal parturition
 Dystocia
 Care of the kid, including colostrum
 Reviving weak kids
 Floppy kid disease
 Record keeping
Pregnancy diagnosis
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gestation ~150 d goat
progesterone a nonpregnancy test
real time ultrasound best
sector scanner ideal (count fetuses)
transabdominal, esp right side, esp 4590 days
False pregnancy of goats
• common in pets, out of season
breedings, does intentionally not bred
• serum progesterone elevated
• fluid but no caruncles or fetus
• undulating walls, snow scene if ballotte
abdomen
False pregnancy of goats
• “cloud burst” if self corrects
• sometimes bloody discharge as if
aborted
• 5-10 mg dinoprost (Lutalyse®) or 125250 mcg cloprostenol (Estrumate®)
• repeat in 12 days
Tetanus and Enterotoxemia
• the simplest
vaccination
program
• two or three doses,
then boosters at
least once a year
• booster before
kidding
Abortion diagnosis and
prevention
• suspect infectious cause if >2% abort
• diagnostic lab support required – fetus,
placenta, paired serum samples
• toxoplasmosis, chlamydiosis, Q fever
• listeriosis, Cache Valley virus, stress,
iodine or selenium deficiencies
Goiter !
Normal thyroids <2 g
Abortion math
5 abortions in a flock of 50 bred does =
10% = abortion storm, almost certainly
infectious
5 abortions in a flock of 500 bred does
= 1% and may be normal losses – not
concerned yet, but label and save
fetuses and placentas
>2% is cause for concern and testing
(2 abortions in a small herd)
Mummified fetuses are common with
toxoplasmosis; the twin may be normal
Abortion diagnosis and
prevention
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most diseases zoonotic
wear plastic sleeves
isolate aborting doe
destroy fetuses and placentas
cull if chlamydiosis, don’t cross foster
inject long-acting oxytet 3X or feed
chlortetracycline (extralabel – need vet)
Do you call this hay?
Provide energy, protein,
selenium, vitamin E
Pregnancy toxemia
• late pregnant goats carrying multiple kids
• twin lamb disease
inadequate feed offered
anorexia from other disease
fat mobilization
fatty liver
Pregnancy toxemia or ketosis
A full uterus crowds the rumen while kids
demand more nutrients
Obese goat in late pregnancy
cannot eat much forage
• fat stored in omentum
takes up space
• doe becomes ketotic
• even though fat,
needs higher quality
forage and some grain
Diagnosis of pregnancy toxemia
• standing or lying apart
• depressed, may seem blind or grind
teeth
• off feed – small fecal pellets
• diarrhea when fetuses die
• ketones in urine (be ready to collect !)
• ketones in blood (smell breath)
omentum has been removed
uterus
uterus
rumen
Normal parturition
• ligaments soften and disappear – within
12 hours of parturition
• doe waits for quiet period in barn
• 30 – 30 – 30 rule
• ballotte abdomen for additional kid if
suspect a problem
Kidding is close!
Udder full
Vulva relaxed
Slight mucus
Ligaments around
base of tail gone
Assisting parturition
• wash vulva
• sterile glove
• lubricant (Dawn)
The glove protects
you and the doe
from infection
Meconium
stained
=
Help now!
Correction of dystocia
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elevate hindquarters or turn dam over
lamb puller
epinephrine 1 cc IM
one front leg and head
one hind leg
cut off head if dead
subcutaneous fetotomy
penicillin, flunixin IV, tetanus prophylaxis
Caesarian section
• if does not respond rapidly to medical
treatment of pregnancy toxemia
• if > 141 days gestation
• pretreat with 20 mg dexamethasone if
surgery delayed or kids premature, to
develop surfactant in the lungs
• local anesthesia injected in the flank or
gas anesthesia
• blindfold, don’t give xylazine