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Presented byMd. Bashir Uddin Roll: 1215502 Dept. of BME KUET, Khulna-9203 Engineering sciences + Biomedical sciences + Clinical practice = Biomedical Engineering Engineering + Biology + Medicine = Biomedical Engineering Design and problem solving skills of engineering + Medical & Biological sciences = Biomedical Engineering Engineering technology for the solution of Medical Problems Biomedical Engineering Applications of Biomedical Engineering Applications are almost endless and developing every day that it includes: Cardiac monitors to clinical computing Artificial hearts to contact lenses Wheel chairs to artificial tendons Modeling dialysis therapy to modeling the cardiovascular system. Biomedical Engineers Engineering Techniques Biomedical Engineers Analysis Solution of Medical & Clinical Problems Improve Healthcare Diagnosis, Monitoring and Therapy. Medical Problems Designing medical instrument Contribute in the development, manufacturing and testing of medical products Maintain and enhance life of medical instrument Designing prostheses Designing replacement parts for people Creating systems to allow the handicapped to function, work and communicate Managing the technology in the hospital system. Saling biomedical instruments Etc. Biomedical engineers come from one of the traditional engineering disciplines, such as electrical or mechanical engineering. Biomedical engineers are exposed to many fields of study in engineering, medicine and biology. Due to this broad experience biomedical engineers find employment in: Hospitals Clinics Diagnostic Centers Government bodies Industry Academic areas Research etc. New fields of Biomedical Engineering Medical electronics Clinical engineering Rehabilitation engineering. Medical instrumentation is the application of electronics and measurement techniques to develop devices used in diagnosis and treatment of disease. Computers are an important and increasingly essential part of medical instrumentation Examples of medical instrumentation include: heart monitors, microelectrodes, defibrillators, glucose monitoring machines etc. Biomaterials are defined as the materials used for medical implantation includes both living tissue and artificial materials. Examples of biomaterials include: Heart replacement valves Artificial lungs Artificial kidneys Dental adhesives Bone cement Replacement bones/joints Heart prosthetics Etc. Biomaterials must have following properties: Nontoxic Non-carcinogenic Chemically inert (not reacting violently with the body's chemical composition) Stable Mechanically strong enough to withstand the repeated forces of a lifetime of use. ‘Human Physiology’ is the study of the body and its functions in each of the different systems in any living body Modeling is used in the analysis of experimental data and in formulating mathematical descriptions of physiological events Examples: Biochemistry of metabolism and the control of limb movements Collection and analysis of data (signal) from patients The manipulation and dissection of the data or signal provides the physician and experimenter the vital information on the condition of the patient. Biomedical Engineers apply signal-processing methods to the design of medical devices that monitor and diagnose certain conditions in the human body. Examples: Heart arrhythmia detection software and brain activity Medical Imaging combines knowledge of a unique physical phenomenon (sound, radiation, magnetism etc.) with high-speed electronic data processing, analysis and display to generate an image. Examples: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT). Biomechanics applies both fluid mechanics and transport phenomena to biological and medical issues. It includes the study of motion, material deformation, flow within the body, as well as devices, and transport phenomena in the body, such as transport of chemical constituents across biological and synthetic media and membranes. Efforts in biomechanics have developed the artificial heart, replacement heart valves and the hip replacement. Rehabilitation engineering is the systematic application of engineering sciences to design, develop, adapt, test, evaluate, apply, and distribute technological solutions to problems confronted by individuals with disabilities. Functional areas of rehabilitation engineering may include mobility, communications, hearing, vision, and cognition, and activities associated with employment, independent living, education, and integration into the community.