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Medical Terminology
A Living Language
Cardiovascular
System
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular System at a Glance

Functions of Cardiovascular (CV) System



Distribute blood to all areas of body
Delivery of needed substances to cells
Removal of wastes
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular System at a Glance

Organs of Cardiovascular System




Heart
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Combining Forms






angi/o
aort/o
arteri/o
ather/o
atri/o
cardi/o
vessel
aorta
artery
fatty substance
atrium
heart
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Combining Forms






coron/o
hemangi/o
phleb/o
sphygm/o
steth/o
thromb/o
heart
blood vessel
vein
pulse
chest
clot
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Combining Forms






valv/o
valvul/o
vascul/o
vas/o
ven/o
ventricul/o
valve
valve
blood vessel
vessel, duct
vein
ventricle
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular System Suffixes
–manometer
 –ole
 –tension
 –ule

instrument to measure pressure
small
pressure
small
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with angi/o
–gram
angiogram
record of a vessel
–itis
angiitis
inflammation of a vessel
–plasty
angioplasty
surgical repair of vessel
–spasm
angiospasm
involuntary muscle
contraction in a vessel
–stenosis
angiostenosis
narrowing of a vessel
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with aort/o & arteri/o
–ic
aortic
pertaining to the aorta
–al
arterial
pertaining to an artery
–ole
arteriole
small artery
–rrhexis
arteriorrhexis
ruptured artery
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with ather/o & atri/o
atherectomy
surgical removal of fatty
substance
–oma
atheroma
fatty substance
tumor/growth
–al
atrial
pertaining to the atrium
–ectomy
inter– –al interatrial
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
pertaining to between the
atrium
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with cardi/o
–ac
cardiac
pertaining to the heart
brady– –ia bradycardia
state of slow heart
electr/o
record of heart’s
electrocardiogram
–gram
electricity
–megaly
cardiomegaly
my/o –al
myocardial
–ologist
–rrhexis
cardiologist
cardiorrhexis
tachy– –ia tachycardia
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
enlarged heart
pertaining to heart
muscle
heart specialist
ruptured heart
state of fast heart
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Word Building with coron/o,
phleb/o, and vascul/o
–ary
coronary
pertaining to the heart
–itis
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
–ar
vascular
pertaining to a blood
vessel
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with valv/o & valvul/o
–plasty
valvoplasty
surgical repair of valve
–itis
valvulitis
inflammation of a valve
–ar
valvular
pertaining to a valve
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Word Building with ven/o & ventricul/o
–ous
venous
pertaining to veins
–ule
venule
small vein
–gram
venogram
record of a vein
–ar
ventricular
pertaining to ventricles
inter– –ar interventricular
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
pertaining to between
ventricles
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Vocabulary
auscultation
cardiology
catheter
listening to sounds within body using a
stethoscope
branch of medicine for diagnosis and
treatment of cardiovascular disease;
physician is a cardiologist
flexible tube inserted in body to move fluids
into or out of body; may be used to place
dye into a vein to view blood vessels
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Vocabulary
infarct
area of necrotic tissue due to loss of blood
supply
ischemia
local and temporary deficiency of blood
supply due to a circulatory obstruction
murmur
abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing
sound or a harsh click; also called a bruit
orthostatic
sudden drop in blood pressure when
hypotension standing up suddenly
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Vocabulary
palpitations
pounding, racing heartbeats
plaque
yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in an artery;
hallmark of atherosclerosis
regurgitation
to flow backwards; in CV system refers to
backflow of blood through a valve
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Vocabulary
sphygmomanometer
stent
stethoscope
blood pressure cuff; measures
blood pressure
stainless steel tube placed within
blood vessel to widen the lumen
instrument for listening to body
sounds
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.13 – Using a sphygmomanometer
to measure blood pressure.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.14 – A) A catheter is used to place a collapsed stent next to
an atherosclerotic plaque; B) stent is expanded; C) catheter is
removed, leaving the expanded stent behind.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Heart Pathology
severe pain and sensation of constriction
around heart; caused by myocardial
ischemia
irregularity in heartbeat; some are mild and
arrhythmia
others are life threatening
electrical impulse is blocked from traveling
bundle
down bundle branches; results in ventricles
branch
beating at different rate than atria; also
block (BBB)
called heart block
angina
pectoris
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Heart Pathology
cardiac arrest
complete stopping of heart activity
myocardial disease; may be caused by
viral infection, congestive heart failure,
cardiomyopathy
or alcoholism; common reason for heart
transplant
congenital
septal defect
(CSD)
hole, present at birth, in heart septum;
allows mixing of oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Heart Pathology
congestive
heart failure
(CHF)
coronary
artery disease
(CAD)
left ventricle muscle is too weak to
efficiently pump blood; results in
weakness, breathlessness, & edema
poor blood supply to heart muscle due to
obstruction of coronary arteries; may
cause angina pectoris and heart attack
endocarditis
inflammation of lining membranes of
heart; if cause is bacterial may have a
bacterial colony form, called vegetation
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.15 – Formation of an atherosclerotic plaque within a
coronary artery.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Heart Pathology
fibrillation
flutter
heart valve
prolapse
heart valve
stenosis
extremely serious arrhythmia characterized
by quivering of heart fibers; cardiac arrest
and death can occur
arrhythmia in which atria beat too rapidly,
but in a regular pattern
cusps are too loose and fail to shut tightly;
allowing regurgitation
cusps are too stiff; unable to shut tightly;
allowing regurgitation
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Heart Pathology
myocardial
occlusion of coronary artery; results in a
infarction (MI) myocardial infarct; a heart attack
myocarditis
inflammation of heart muscle layer
pericarditis
inflammation of pericardial sac
tetralogy of
Fallot
combination of four congenital
anomalies; pulmonary stenosis,
interventricular septal defect, improper
placement of aorta, hypertrophy of right
ventricle; requires immediate surgery
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.16 – External and cross-sectional view of an infarct caused
by a myocardial infarction.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Blood Vessel Pathology
aneurysm
weakness and ballooning of arterial
wall; commonly seen in abdominal and
cerebral arteries
hardening & loss of elasticity of arterial
arteriosclerosis
walls; often due to atherosclerosis
most common form of arteriosclerosis;
atherosclerosis
lipid plaques form in arterial wall
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.17 – Illustration of a large aneurysm in the abdominal aorta
which has ruptured.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.18 – Development of an atherosclerotic plaque that
progressively narrows the lumen of an artery to the point that a
thrombus fully occludes the lumen.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Blood Vessel Pathology
coarctation of
aorta (CoA)
severe congenital narrowing of aorta
embolus
obstruction of blood vessel by blood
clot that has broken off from a
thrombus in another site
hemorrhoid
varicose veins in anal region
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.19 – Illustration of an embolus floating in an artery. The
embolus will become lodged in a blood vessel that is smaller than it
is, resulting in occlusion of that artery.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Blood Vessel Pathology
hypertension
(HTN)
hypotension
patent ductus
arteriosus
(PDA)
high blood pressure; essential or
primary hypertension is due to CV
disease; secondary hypertension results
from another disease
decrease in blood pressure; may be due
to shock or anemia
congenital heart anomaly where fetal
connection between pulmonary artery
and aorta fails to close at birth
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Blood Vessel Pathology
peripheral
abnormal condition affecting any blood
vascular
vessel outside the heart; symptoms may
disease (PVD) include pain, pallor, & blocked circulation
polyarteritis
inflammation of several arteries
Raynaud’s
phenomenon
periodic ischemic attacks affecting
extremities; especially fingers, toes,
ears, and nose; extremities become
cyanotic; triggered by cold exposure
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Blood Vessel Pathology
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of vein resulting in blood
clots within a vein
thrombus
blood clot within a blood vessel; may
partially or completely occlude blood
vessel
varicose veins
swollen and distended veins; often in
the legs
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Clinical Laboratory Tests
cardiac
enzymes
serum
lipoprotein
level
blood test determines level of enzymes
specific to heart muscle in blood; an
increase may indicate heart muscle
damage such as a myocardial infarction
blood test measures amount of cholesterol
and triglycerides in blood; indicator of
atherosclerosis risk
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diagnostic Imaging
angiography
X-rays taken after injection of opaque dye
into blood vessel
nuclear medicine scan using radioactive
cardiac scan thallium; especially useful in determining
myocardial damage
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diagnostic Imaging
using ultrasound to produce an
image of blood flowing through blood
Doppler
vessels in order to determine
ultrasonography
velocity; indicates blood clots or deep
vein thromboses
use of ultrasound to visualize internal
echocardiography
cardiac structures; especially valves
X-ray of veins; used to identify a
venography
thrombus
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiac Function Tests
catheter is threaded through blood
vessel to heart; detects
cardiac
abnormalities, collects cardiac
catheterization
blood samples, and determines
blood pressure inside heart
process of recording electrical
electrocardiography activity of heart; able to diagnose
(ECG, EKG)
arrhythmias and myocardial
damage
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiac Function Tests
Holter
monitor
stress
testing
portable ECG monitor worn by patient up
to a few days to assess heart activity as
person goes through daily activities
evaluates cardiovascular fitness; patient
exercises on treadmill or bicycle with a
steadily increasing work load; EKC and
oxygen levels are monitored throughout
the test
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.20 – Man undergoing stress test on a treadmill. (Jonathan
Nourok/PhotoEdit Inc.)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Medical Procedures
procedure to restore cardiac output
cardiopulmonary
and oxygenate air for person in cardiac
resuscitation
arrest; uses chest compressions and
(CPR)
artificial respiration
procedure that converts irregular
defibrillation
heartbeats, such as fibrillation, using
an electric shock
extracorporeal
routing blood to a heart-lung machine
circulation (ECC) during a surgical procedure
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.21 – An emergency medical technician positions
defibrillator paddles on the chest of a supine male patient.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Medical Procedures
implantable
cardioverterdefibrillator
pacemaker
implantation
device implanted into the heart to
deliver an electric shock to restore
normal heart rhythm; especially helpful
for ventricular fibrillation
device implanted into the heart to
substitute for the natural pacemaker;
especially helpful for bradycardia
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.22 – Color enhanced X-ray showing pacemaker implanted
in the chest and the electrode wires running to the heart. (UHB
Trust/Getty Images Inc.–Stone Allstock)
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Medical Procedures
thrombolytic
therapy
use of drugs, such as streptokinase
or tissue-type plasminogen activator,
to dissolve clots and restore blood
flow
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Surgical Procedures
percutaneous
transluminal
coronary
angioplasty
(PTCA)
balloon catheter is inserted through
skin into coronary artery; inflated to
dilate the narrow blood vessel
valve replacement
removal of diseased valve and
replacement with an artificial valve
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Figure 5.23 – Balloon angioplasty.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
ACE inhibitor
drugs
produce vasodilation to
decrease blood pressure
Lotensin,
Capoten
reduces or prevents cardiac Tambocor,
antiarrhythmic
arrhythmias
Corvert
anticoagulant
prevents blood clot
formation
Warfarin,
Coumadin
antilipidemic
reduces blood cholesterol
level
Lipitor,
Zocor
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
lowers heart rate to treat
hypertension and angina
pectoris
decreases force of heart beat to
Calcium
treat hypertension, angina
channel
pectoris, and congestive heart
blocker
failure
increases force of heart
cardiotonic contraction to treat congestive
heart failure
Betablocker
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Lopressor,
Inderal
Cardizem,
Procardia
Lanoxin
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Cardiovascular Pharmacology
diuretic
increases urine
production to reduce
plasma volume to
lower blood pressure
Lasix
thrombolytic
dissolves existing
blood clot
Plavix, Activase
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
contracts smooth muscle in
vasoconstrictor wall of blood vessel to raise
blood pressure
relaxes smooth muscle in
wall of blood vessel to
vasodilator
reduce blood pressure and
increase blood flow to
ischemic area
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Aramine
Nitro-Dur,
Vasodilan
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
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Cardiovascular Abbreviations
AFB
atrial fibrillation
AMI
acute myocardial infarction
AS
arteriosclerosis
ASD
atrial septal defect
ASHD
arteriosclerotic heart disease
AV, A-V
atrioventricular
BBB
bundle branch block
BP
blood pressure
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Abbreviations
bpm
beats per minute
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
coronary artery disease
cath
catheterization
CC
cardiac catheterization, chief complaint
CCU
coronary care unit
CHF
congestive heart failure
CoA
coarctation of the aorta
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Abbreviations
CP
chest pain
CPK
creatine phosphokinase
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CSD
congenital septal defect
CV
cardiovascular
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
ECC
extracorporeal circulation
ECG, EKG
electrocardiogram
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Abbreviations
ECHO
echocardiogram
GOT
glutamic- oxaloacetic transaminase
HTN
hypertension
ICU
intensive care unit
IV
intravenous
LDH
lactate dehydrogenase
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Abbreviations
LVAD
left ventricular assist device
LVH
left ventricular hypertrophy
MI
myocardial infarction, mitral insufficiency
mmHg
millimeters of mercury
MR
mitral regurgitation
MS
mitral stenosis
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Abbreviations
P
pulse
PAC
premature atrial contraction
PDA
patent ductus arteriosus
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
S1
first heart sound
S2
second heart sound
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Cardiovascular Abbreviations
SA, S-A
sinoatrial
SGOT
serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase
SK
streptokinase
tPA
tissue-type plasminogen activator
Vfib
ventricular fibrillation
VSD
ventricular septal defect
VT
ventricular tachycardia
Medical Terminology: A Living Language, Fourth Edition
Bonnie F. Fremgen and Suzanne S. Frucht
Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.