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Cardiovascular System Made of your heart, blood & blood vessels Functions of Cardiovascular System Delivery Blood system from heard delivers oxygen & nutrients to every part of body Blood picks up waste products on the return trip Structure of the Heart – slightly larger than your fist Location – left center of your chest 4 Chambers: Size – upper chambers 2 Ventricles – lower chambers 2 Atrium Structure of the Heart Sides – separated by the Septum 2 side – gets blood from lungs (high in O2) Right side – gets blood from body (low in O2) Left Basic Structure of Cardio System Basic Structure Structure of the Heart Right 2 Atrium – biggest atrium Major Veins - called Great Veins Superior Vena Cava - Returns deoxygenated blood from upper body Inferior Vena Cava – Returns deoxygenated blood from lower body Pumps blood to Right Ventricle through Tricuspid Valve Structure of the Heart Ventricle – gets blood from Right Atrium and pumps blood to lungs Right – Receives blood from lungs (Pulmonary Veins) Left Atrium Pumps blood to Left Ventricle through Bicuspid Valve Structure of the Heart Ventricle – gets blood from Left Atrium Left thick walls – pumps blood throughout body Pumps blood through the Aorta Very Aorta – Largest blood vessel in body (interior diameter of about 1 inch) Pumps blood to every part of body Structure of the Heart Animated Heart Heart Beat See also Coronary Bypass, Pacemaker, etc Blood Structure 7% of a person’s body weight 90% water & 10% dissolved substance Made up of: Plasma White Blood Cells Red Blood Cells Platelets Blood Structure – makes up about 50 % of blood volume Plasma Keeps blood flowing Color of straw Contains substances such as proteins, salts, glucose, vitamins, hormones & antibodies Blood Structure White Blood Cells – leukocytes Many varieties defend body against bacteria & other enemies Colorless Formed in red bone marrow, lymphatic tissue, spleen, lymph nodes, & thymus Fewer in number than RBC (1 to 700) Blood Structure Red Blood Cells – erythrocytes Look like donut, very flexible Carry O2 to all tissues from lungs Carry CO2 from tissues to lungs Hemoglobin – bright red when combined with O2 RBC’s live approximately 120 days Blood Structure Platelets Small – thrombocytes fragments that clump together and stick to blood vessels to plug up leaks Lifespan of 5 to 9 days Formed in bone marrow Look like oval plates (thus the name) Blood Structure Blood Vessels Blood Vessels – hollow tubes 100,000 long Expand and contract Blood Vessels - Arteries – carry blood from away from heart Arteries Walls are thicker than other vessels (higher pressure) Aneurysm – abnormal expansion of the artery due to a weakness Arteriosclerosis – hardening of the arteries Arteries - Aneurysm Aneurysm: 1 saccular aneurysm, 2 right pulmonary artery, 3 arch of the aorta, 4 left pulmonary artery, 5 pulmonary trunk Arteries - Arteriosclerosis Blood Vessels - Veins Veins – carry blood from body to heart Get bigger as they get closer to heart Contain valves that allow blood to flow only one way Varicose Veins – valves in legs breakdown and allow the blood to flow backwards Veins – Varicose Veins Veins – Varicose Veins Blood Vessels - Capillaries – smallest working unit in the blood Capillaries Connect arterioles to venules 1 cell thick Exchange nutrients, O2, and CO2 Capillaries Capillaries THE END