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Current Electricity Current • A measure of the flow of charge. • Ampere: Electrical measurement of the flow of electrons. • 1 Ampere = 1 Coulomb/second. • 1 Coulomb = 6,250,000,000,000,000,000 Electrons Current • Water Analogy: current is gallons per minute. • Symbol for Current = I Conventional Current • Conventional current = positive charge flow. • Electron Flow is in opposite direction Current Current Voltage • The force that pushes electrons through a wire. • Electrical Pressure or “Potential Difference”. • Measured in Volts • 1 volt = 1 joule/Coulomb Voltage • Water analogy: Voltage is the water pressure supplied by the pump (battery) or a water tower. • The symbol for voltage = V Resistance • A resistor hinders the flow of current through a circuit. • Ohm = unit of resistance (Ω) Resistance • Water analogy: a waterwheel, constriction in pipe, or other object that hinders flow. • Symbol is R Ohm’s Law • Relates Current, Voltage, and Resistance. • I = V/R Or.. R = V/I Where Does Voltage Originate? • V = ∆PE / q • ∆PE = work done on charge. (joules/coloumb) Relating Voltage to Electric Field • V = ∆PE / q – Joules/coulomb • E = V/d – Unit is N/C • Electric field – directly proportional to applied voltage – Inversely proportional to distance between plates.