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The German Case System This presentation will help you to choose the correct word for “the” “a”, “not a” or “my” when writing German. Answer each question by clicking on the hyperlink buttons, until you arrive at the word you need. Click here to start Is the word you are using after a preposition? YES NO Prepositions: • until, through, for, against, without, around, along • on, onto, behind, in, into, next to, by, over, above, under, beneath, before, in front of, between • out of, by, with, after, since, of, from, to, opposite • in spite of, because of, instead of Nominative Case m. f. nt. pl. der die das die ein kein mein eine keine meine ein kein mein keine meine Accusative Case m. f. nt. pl. den die das die einen keinen meinen eine keine meine ein kein mein keine keine NB: in + das is normally written as ins Dative Case m. f. nt. pl. dem der dem den einem keinem meinem einer keiner meiner einem keinem meinem keinen meinen NB: in + dem is normally written as im; an + dem is normally written as am; Genitive Case m. f. nt. pl. des der des der eines keines meines einer keiner meiner eines keines meines keiner meiner Is the noun you are using before or after the verb “to be”? YES NO Examples Noun before “sein” (to be) : The answer is complicated. Noun after “sein” (to be) : He is my father. Is the noun you are using the subject of the sentence? YES The subject is the “doer” of the action. Examples The man buys the dog. The dog chews a stick. NO Is the noun you are using the direct object of the sentence? YES NO The direct object is the object of the action. Examples The man buys the dog. The dog chews a stick. Is the noun you are using the indirect object of the sentence? YES NO The indirect object often translates the idea of “to” or “for” even if we don’t bother to use those words (ie it denotes the beneficiary of the action. Examples I am buying my mother a present. (ie I am buying a present for my mother. I gave my brother ten quid. (ie I gave ten quid to my brother.) Is the noun you are using the after folgen, helfen or begegnen? YES NO In German the indirect object is used after the verbs to follow, to help and to meet / bump into . Are you indicating possession or translating “ of ” or “ …’s ”? YES NO Examples My friend’s house (ie the house of my friend) My sister’s boyfriend. (ie the boyfriend of my sister.) Are you using bis, durch, für, gegen, wider, ohne, um, or entlang? YES NO Meanings: bis - until; durch - through; für - for; gegen - against; wider - against; ohne - without; um - around; entlang - along Are you using an, auf, hinter, in, neben, über unter, vor, or zwischen? YES NO Meanings: an - on, at; auf - on; hinter - behind; in - in, into; neben - next to, by; über - over, above; unter - under, beneath; vor - before, in front of; zwischen - between Does the prepositon convey a sense of movement from A to B or does it emphasise location? A to B Location What??? “I ran behind the tree.”: “behind” conveys a sense of movement from on place to another (A to B). “I stood behind the tree.” : “behind” emphasises location (no movement from A to B). Are you using aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu, or gegenüber (von)? YES NO Meanings: aus - out of, from; bei - near, by; mit - with; nach - after; seit - since; von - of, from, by; zu - to; gegenüber / gegenüber von - opposite Are you using trotz, wegen, or statt? YES NO Meanings: trotz - in spite of; wegen - because of; statt - instead of