Download Chapter 46

Indirect Statements I
fio, fieri, factus sum
What is an indirect statement?
Someone is conveying what he/she or someone
else is saying, thinking, feeling, knowing,
hearing, etc. without quoting exact words.
• Example: I think that Latin is a great language.
-that Latin is a great language is the indirect
statement because one cannot completely and
accurately convey all the thoughts I have in my
head about how great I think Latin is.
How can I write an Indirect
Statement in Latin?
• I think that Latin is a great language.
• Puto (use the indicative mood because this is a
fact) Indirect statements are always introduced
by verbs of saying, thinking, feeling, knowing,
hearing, etc. or sensory verbs.
• that is not translated in the Latin sentence
• Latinam esse magnam linguam. The indirect
statement itself is the direct object of puto, so
the subject is accusative and the verb is an
infinitive (if the subject is accusative, the
complement must be as well).
More on Indirect Statements
•
•
•
•
I am reading that Sextus is annoying Cornelia.
I am reading is the sensory verb=lego
that is not translated
Sextus is the subject of the Indirect statement so he
must be in accusative case=Sextum
• is annoying is the verb in the Indirect Statement so it
must be an infinitive=vexare
• Cornelia is the direct object in the Indirect Statement,
she must still be accusative case=Corneliam.
• Lego Sextum Corneliam vexare. (the first accusative is
the subject, the second is the direct object of the Indirect
statement.)
Still more….
•
•
•
•
Sextus knows that he annoys Cornelia.
Sextus is the subject of the sensory verb=Sextus scit
that is not translated
he is the subject of the indirect statement so must be
accusative. This he refers back to Sextus the subject of
the sentence so we must use the reflexive pronoun=se
• annoys is the verb in the indirect statement so it must be
an infinitive=vexare
• Cornelia is the direct object and is still
accusative=Corneliam
• Sextus scit se Corneliam vexare.
fio, fieri, factus
• Fio can be used as an irregular active 3IO verb meaning to become
or to happen OR it can be used as the passive of facio and mean to
be made
• Look at the translation of present tense:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Fio-I am becoming
Fis-you are becoming
Fit-he is becoming, it is happening, it is made
Fimus-we are becoming
Fitis-you (all) are becoming
Fiunt-they are becoming, they are happening, they are being made
• Notice:
– First principal part is 1st sing present active indicative form
– Second principal part is present passive infinitive in form
– Third principal part is perfect passive participle in form.