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Plagiarism, Citations and
Annotated Bibliograpy
What is Plagiarism?
• Presenting the words, images, ideas,
sounds, or creative expressions of others
as your own.
Do Students Plagiarize?
• “A study of almost 4,500 students at 25
schools suggests cheating is . . . a
significant problem in high school. 74% of
the respondents admitted to one or more
instances of serious test cheating and
72% admitted to serious cheating on
written assignments. Over half of the
students admitted they have engaged in
some level of plagiarism on written
assignments using the Internet.”
Source: “CIA Research” Center for Academic Integrity, Duke University, 2003.
You Have Probably
Plagiarized If:
• You have included the ideas and words
of others that you neglect to cite
• You have had help you wouldn’t want
the teacher to know about
Two Types of Plagiarism
Intentional
● Copying a friend’s
work
● Buying or borrowing a
paper
● Cutting and pasting
blocks of text from the
Internet
Unintentional
● Paraphrasing
carelessly
● Documenting poorly
● Quoting excessively
● Changing only a few
words
To avoid plagiarism…..
…. use MLA in-text and other citation rules
In MLA style, referring to the works of others in
your text is done by using what is known as
parenthetical citation. This method involves
placing relevant source information in
parentheses after a quote or a paraphrase.
Parenthetical Citations
(Books)
• Author’s name and page number listed in text.
Example:
“British and American women earned first-class pay for first-class
work” (Gilbert 236-7).
Example:
During World War I, British and American women could, for the first time,
earn first-class pay for high quality work (Gilbert 236-7).
Example:
Pope was clear to point out that, although many of his ideas were
idealistic, Rousseau held ambivalent feelings toward women (138).
Parenthetical Citations
(Website)
• Author’s name, title of article (or partial title) in
parenthesis.
Example:
“Life is hard, but one must persevere” (Sweeny).
Example:
Classroom management is one of the most important skills for new
teachers to hone (Classroom Management).
Practice with Parenthetical
Citations
Education is context specific and contextdependent. Context refers to the settings or
surroundings in which education takes place. A
student teacher is faced with the exciting but
challenging task of assimilating a variety of
contexts very rapidly when embarking upon
teaching practice, whether during a course of
initial teacher pre-service education or as a newly
qualified teacher entering a first appointment in a
school. These contexts vary from the very broad
and general macro-contexts at a societal level to
the very specific micro-contexts of a particular
school, class and lesson. The prospect can be
daunting, as we see in some student teachers’
concern for short-term survival in a new
classroom. The thrust of this book is to support
students in their initial teaching experiences –
the micro-contexts of everyday life in classrooms.
3
Summarized Text
Teachers have many
things to consider
including the larger
societal issues and
smaller issues that
directly impact their
classrooms and lessons
(Cohen, Manion, and
Morrison 3).
Now, it’s your turn:
• Summarize one argument
the author is making in the
article The Incarcerated Are
Too Vulnerable to Consent
• Cite correctly
Finding Information for Works
Cited Page (in books)
Works Cited Page (book)
Author’s last name, Author’s first name. Title. City: Publisher, Year. Print.
Cohen, Louis, Mahion, Lawrence and Morrison, Keith. A Guide to Teaching
Practice. New York: Routledge-Falmer, 2004. Print.
Finding Information for Works
Cited Page (on websites)
http://k6educators/classroommanagement/htm
Works Cited Page (website)
“Title of Article.” Name of site. Date of posting or revision. Name of Publisher.
Date of Access. Web. <web address>.
“Top Eight Reasons Why Non-Teachers Can Never Really Understand Our Job.”
10 January, 2014. Web.<http://k6educators/classroommanagement/htm >.
Now, it’s your turn again:
• Cite your summarized
sentence using the
information needed from
next slide
Next, look at the various ways citing an
author’s words in an annotated
bibliography. Make sure to use proven
citation verbs.
Citing One Source
According to (author’s name),
___________________________ (page number).
Example:
According to John Hughes, life was difficult for the
family of King (19).
3-Part Source Integration
Technique
Citation Verbs
argues
asserts
concludes
contends
discusses
points out that
examines
explores
focuses on
maintains
mentions
highlights the fact
that
notes
reports
states
suggests
emphasizes
has determined
that
Source &
Author’s
Name
Citation Verb
Citation
Citation’s
importance
Citing One Source
(Author’s name) (examines, explores, focuses on)
______________________________ (page number).
Example:
Hughes explores the relationship between Martin Luther
King, Jr. and his father (342).
Citing One Source
(Your Leader’s Name), (Author’s Name) (argues,
asserts, concludes, contends, emphasizes), was
_______________________________ (page number).
Example:
King, Hughes concludes, was a formidable leader in the
early 1960’s (431).
Citing One Source
It can be argued, as (Author’s Name) does, that
_____________________________ (page number).
Example:
It can be argued, as Hughes does, that King was
determined to make live better for all Americans (131).
Integrating material from more
than one source:
(Author A) and (Author B) agree that
____________________________________________.
Example:
Hughes and Lewis agree that Martin Luther King, Jr.
was the leader of the civil rights leader.
Integrating material from more
than one source:
Though (Author A) points out that
__________________________, (Author B) argues that
___________________________________________.
Example:
Though Hughes points out that King was a great father,
Lewis suggested otherwise.
3-Part Source Integration
Technique
Source &
Author’s
Name
Citation Verb
Citation
Citation’s
importance
Annotated Bibliography
Consists of two parts, the summary of content and an
evaluation; 150 words max; one or two paragraphs
long.
• Summary: no more than 75 words (brief) summary
of what the text says. Introduce the author, his
credentials and purpose of writing. Use the 5 W’s to
help you summarize the entire text.
• Evaluation: no more than 75 words, assess the
source and offer some criticism of it. Does it seem
like the source is reliable and current? Why? Is the
research biased of objective? Are the facts well
documents? Who is the author? Is he/she qualified
in this subject?
London, Herbert. "Five Myths of the Television Age." Television Quarterly
10.1 (1982): 81-89.
Herbert London, the Dean of Journalism at New York University and
author of several books and articles, explains how television
contradicts five commonly believed ideas. He uses specific
examples of events seen on television, such as the assassination of
John Kennedy, to illustrate his points. His examples have been
selected to contradict such truisms as: "seeing is believing"; "a
picture is worth a thousand words"; and "satisfaction is its own
reward." London uses logical arguments to support his ideas, which
are his personal opinion. He doesn't refer to any previous works on
the topic. London's style and vocabulary would make the article of
interest to any reader.