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The “Perfect” Tenses
Esp. 3 H
C. 10
Formation
• The perfect tenses are compound
tenses and are made up of a
conjugated form of the verb
HABER
+
Past Participle
• Which perfect tense is formed
depends on the tense that the
verb HABER is conjugated in.
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Present
he
hemos
has
---------
ha
han
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Preterite
hube
hubimos
hubiste
---------
hubo
hubieron
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Imperfect
había
habíamos
habías
---------
había
habían
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Future
habré
habremos
habrás
---------
habrá
habrán
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Conditional
habría
habríamos
habrías
---------
habría
habrían
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Present Subjunctive
haya
hayamos
hayas
---------
haya
hayan
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Imperfect Subjunctive
hubiera
hubiéramos
hubieras
---------
hubiera
hubieran
Watch Out For…
1. Be sure that you include
BOTH the correct form of
HABER and the past
participle.
- ie…he comido
Formation
Formation of the Past Participle
1. Start with the infinitive
- ie…hablar
2. Drop the last two letters
off of the infinitive.
- ie…habl (ar)
3. Add ADO for AR verbs and
IDO for ER and IR verbs.
- ie…hablado
Irregular Past Participles
4. Irregular past participles
resolver
resuelto
escribir
escrito
volver
vuelto
ver
visto
hacer
hecho
morir
muerto
romper
roto
abrir
abierto
cubrir
cubierto
decir
dicho
poner
puesto
Watch Out For…
2. If the ER / IR verb has a
stem that ends in a vowel,
then the past participle will
have an accent on the “I”.
- ie…He leído la novela tres
veces.
**(except “guir” verbs)**
Watch Out For…
3. Remember that when the
participle is used with
HABER in the perfect
tenses, it always has an “o”
ending.
- ie…hemos escrito
Usages
1. The perfect tense are used
to express some action that
started in the past and
generally has some bearing
on the present.
- ie…Ya ha ido al banco y
tiene el dinero.