Download Present Subjunctive

Present Subjunctive
Unidad 4
Conjugating Present
Subjunctive- Regular Verbs
1. Conjugate verb in the yo present tense.
2. Chop off the –o.
3. Add opposite endings.
-ar
-e
-es
-emos
-e
-en
-éis
no hablen
pongo
hablo
pong-
habl-er/-ir
-a
-amos
-as
-áis
-a
no ponga
-an
Conjugating Present
Subjunctive- Irregular Verbs
• Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
ir
vaya vayamos
vayas vayáis
vaya vayan
ser
sea
seamo sepa
seas seáis
sea
sean
saber
sepamos
sepas sepáis
sepa sepan
dar
Dé
demos
des
deis
Dé
den
estar
esté estémos
estés estéis
estés estén
haber
haya hayamos
hayas hayáis
haya hayan
Conjugating Present
Subjunctive- Stem Changes
• Stem changes in –ar and –er verbs is the
same as present indicative.
pensar- to think
piense
pensemos
pienses
penséis
piense
piensen
Conjugating Present
Subjunctive- Stem Changes
• Stem changes in –ir verbs is the same as present
indicative, but also stem change in the nosotros
and vosotros forms o u and e i.
dormir- to sleep
duerma
durmamos
duermas
durmáis
duerma
duerman
Conjugating Present
Subjunctive- Spelling Changes
• Verbs that end in change to
–car
–gar
–zar
-que
-gue
-ce
Present Subjunctive- Volition
• Subjunctive occurs most frequently when you
have:
an independent clause + que + dependent clause
and
a subject change.
Present Subjunctive- Volition
• If there is no subject change, use the
infinitive.
¿Quieres visitar Madrid?
Sí, espero ir este año.
Trigger Words- Volition
aconsejar que
advise
desear que
desire
exigir que
demand/require
insistir que
insist
ojalá que
I hope
preferir que
prefer
recomendar que recommend
Trigger Words- Volition
suplicar que
decir que
escribir que
hacer que
mandar que
pedir que
prohibir que
beg/plead
tell
write
make
send
ask
prohibit
Trigger Words- Volition
rogar que
dejar que
esperar que
impedir que
obligar a que
permitir que
querer que
sugerir que
beg
let
hope
prevent
oblige
permit/allow
want
suggest
Present Subjunctive- Volition
1. Decir and escribir require the subjunctive
when used to express a command.
2. Ojalá is always followed by the
subjunctive.
3. When used to express an indirect
command, the verbs aconsejar, dejar,
hacer, mandar, obligar, permitir, and
prohibir can be followed by either an
infinitive or que and the subjunctive.
Present Subjunctive
• Impersonal expressions that trigger
subjunctive:
es mejor que
It’s better that
es necesario que
It’s necessary that
es imprescindible que It’s essential that
importa que
It’s important that
es probable que
It’s probable that
Present Subjunctive
es imposible que
conviene que
es menester que
es preciso que
es importante que
más vale que
es posible que
It’s impossible that
It’s convenient/proper
It’s necessary that
It’s necessary that
It’s important that
It’s better that
It’s possible that
Present Subjunctive
es bueno que
es malo que
es lástima que
es raro que
es fácil que
es difícil que
It’s good that
It’s bad that
It’s a shame that
It’s rare that
It’s easy that
It’s difficult/
unlikely that
Present Subjunctive:
Sequencing of Tenses
Main clause (indicative)
present
present perfect
future
command
Dependent clause (subjunctive)
present
present perfect
Present Subjunctive:
Sequencing of Tenses
1. The present subjunctive is used to express
what is happening or will happen in
constructions that require the subjunctive.
2. The present perfect subjunctive is used to
express what has happened or will have
happened in constructions that require the
subjunctive.