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Greek Mythology and History As related to The Odyssey Greek Mythology • Greek gods often had human characteristics. Including: – Desires – Weaknesses (e.g. jealousy, wrath) – Appearances Greek Mythology • Greek gods often meddled in the affairs of humans. • Athena places special interest in Odysseus’s affairs. Greek Mythology • Sometimes gods and humans “interacted” which resulted in demigods. – Demigods: Beings which are half-god and half-human Greek Mythology • The Greeks believed a hierarchy of gods and goddesses. – Hierarchy: A system of ranking • Some gods are more important than others Greek Mythology • The most important gods from The Odyssey are: – Zeus – Athena – Hermes – Calypso – Circe – Polyphemus – Poseidon The Trojan War • Time: 1200 B.C.E. • Cause: Helen and Paris – Abduction or tryst? • Result: One of the greatest wars of all time. The Trojan War • Major warriors from the Trojan War: • Greek side: – Achilles – Agamemnon – Menelaus – Ajax – Odysseus The Trojan War • Major warriors from the Trojan War: • Trojan side: – Hector – Paris – King Priam The Trojan War: Aftermath • After the war, a tired but victorious Odysseus is longing to get home. • Unfortunately, things don’t go well.