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Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: T0604-Pengantar Teknologi Informasi
: 2008
: 2.0/0.0
Pertemuan 6
Software: System Software
(Lanjutan)
Sumber:
Chapter 3. Software: Tools for
Productivity and Creativity, p.117
Williams, B.K, Stacy C. Sawyer (2007).
Using Information Technology: A
Practical Introduction to Computers &
Communications. Seventh Edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York. ISBN-13: 978-007-110768-6
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan
mahasiswa akan mampu :
• menjelaskan: kegunaan device driver dan
utility programs, fitur-fitur interface/GUI,
dan sistem operasi yg umum dipakai (C2)
2
Outline Materi
• Other System Software: Device Drivers &
Utilities
• Common Features of the User Interface
• Common Operating Systems
3
Other System Software:
Device Drivers & Utilities
• Device Drivers
– Specialized software programs that allow input and
output devices to communicate with the rest of the OS
– When you get a brand-new printer or monitor, you may
also need to install the device driver for it
– Device drivers come with new hardware, or download
from the manufacturer’s website, or sites like
www.driverguide.com or www.windrivers.com
• Utilities
– Service programs that perform tasks related to the
control and allocation of computer resources
– Some come with the OS, others can be bought
separately like
• Norton SystemWorks, McAfee Utilities
3-4
Other System Software:
Device Drivers & Utilities
• Practical Utility programs perform the
following tasks
– Virus protection
– Data compression
– File defragmentation
– Disk scanner & disk cleanup
– Backup
– Data recovery
Discussion Question: How many of you have lost important files such as a
term paper? Didn’t you wish you had made a backup copy? ALL data media
are subject to possible failure and data loss!
3-5
Common Features of the
User Interface
• User Interface
– The user-controllable display screen you use
to interact with the computer
• Keyboard and Mouse
– User input devices that you use to interact
with the display screen
– Both devices have special-purpose keys
• Keyboard Special-purpose keys: Esc, Ctrl, Alt, Del,
Ins, Home, End, PgUp, PgDn, Num Lock
• Mouse special-purpose keys: left-click, right-click,
and (on some mice) scroll wheel or center click
3-6
Common Features of the User
Interface
• Keyboard
– Function Keys – let you quickly perform specific tasks
– Escape Key – lets you quit a task
– Ctrl and Alt – use combination with another key to bypass using the
mouse – Ctrl + S will save a document, Alt + Tab will let you switch
between running applications
3-7
Common Features of the
User Interface
• Keyboard continued
– Application key – quickly displays the shortcut
menu for any item on your screen
– Status lights – indicate if your Num Lock or
Caps Lock keys are on
– Numeric Keypad – allows you to type in
numbers when the Num Lock light is on
3-8
Common Features of the User
Interface
• Mouse
– Handy tool for dragging and dropping text, graphics
– Useful for navigating menus on unfamiliar applications
3-9
Common Features of the
User Interface
• Graphical User Interface (GUI)
– Allows you to use a mouse or keystrokes to select
icons and commands from menus
– Replaces command-driven interfaces used in earlier
programs
– Three main features are: desktop, icons, and menus
• Desktop: The system’s main interface screen
• Icon: Small pictorial figure that represents a
program, data file, or procedure
– Rollover: A small text box that explains the icon
when you roll your mouse over it
• Menus: A list of built-in commands and/or options
from which to choose
3-10
Common Features of the
User Interface
• To start an application, pick one of 3
methods:
– Click on the Start button on the lower left corner
of the Windows desktop
– Click on the My Computer icon on the desktop,
find the application executable on your hard disk,
and click it
– Click on the My Documents icon on the desktop,
find the document you want to open, and click it.
It should automatically open the application that
created it, if you have that application installed
3-11
Common Features of the
User Interface
• Most Operating Systems have the following:
– Title Bar: runs across the top of the display window
– Menu Bar: shows the names of the pull-down menus
available
– Toolbar: Displays menus and icons representing the
most-frequently used commands
– Taskbar: The bar across the bottom of the Windows
screen that contains the Start button
– A window: A rectangular frame on the computer
screen through which you can view a file of data or an
application
3-12
Common Operating Systems
• Platform
– The particular processor model and operating
system on which a computer system is based
• Operating Systems are platform-specific
• PC (Wintel) platforms
– Dell, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, IBM PCs
– Originally ran Disk Operating System (DOS)
– Currently run Linux, Unix, Windows
• Apple (Macintosh) platforms
– Run Mac OS (System 9 was proprietary, OS
X is Unix-based)
3-13
Common Operating Systems
• Mac OS
– The OS that runs on Apple Macintosh computers
– Pioneered the easy-to-use GUI
– Proprietary OS
• System 9 is OS from 1999, but still popular
• Mac OS X is based on BSD Unix kernel
• Tiger is 2005 release of Mac OS X; features include
– Spotlight – a desktop search engine for locating files on
local hard disk
– Dashboard – for creating desktop “widgets”
– Automator – automatically helps users to script repetitive
tasks
3-14
Common Operating Systems
• Unix, Solaris, BSD
– Developed at AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1969
as minicomputer operating system
– Is a multitasking operating system with
multiple users that has built-in networking
capability and a version for every platform
– Unix interface
• GUI – An optional shell program that starts after
the kernel
• Command interface – starts when kernel loads
3-15
Common Operating Systems
• Linux
– A flavor (version) of Unix
– A free, nonproprietary version of UNIX
• May legally be downloaded and used for free
• May legally be modified for free, as long as
modifications aren’t copyrighted
• In 2000, adopted by China as national standard
OS
– Linux vendors produce Linux Distributions
• Software is distributed for free
• Support services are sold for a profit
– Many PCs are set up to dual-boot Linux and
Windows
3-16
Common Operating Systems
• Operating Systems for Handhelds
– Palm OS
• Dominant handheld OS
• Proprietary OS requires proprietary software
– Windows CE
• Has familiar Windows look and feel
• Can be directly programmed using Visual Basic 2005
– Symbian OS
• Symbian is world’s largest producer of smartphone
software
• Software is open-source
3-17
Kesimpulan
18