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Computer Basics Section A CHAPTER PARSONS/OJA 1 Computer, Internet, and Network Basics Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 2 Chapter 1 Computer, Internet, and Network Basics Chapter PREVIEW After this chapter, you should be able to: Describe the functions of a computer system Identify the components of a personal computer system Contrast operating systems and application software Describe Internet communications and basic features Explain how an e-mail system works Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 3 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What are the functions of a computer system? (1) accepts data as input, (2) processes data, (3) stores data, 4) produces output Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 4 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What is a personal computer system? A personal computer system consists of the following: Input devices Processing devices Storage devices Output devices Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 9 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What is a personal computer system? Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 10 Chapter Section A Computer Basics 1 Input Input provides data for the computing system Words in a document Numbers for a calculation Pictures Automation Scanners EDI Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 4 Chapter Section A Computer Basics 1 Input Voice Recognition Problems Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 4 Chapter Section A Computer Basics 1 Processing Processing is the way that a computer manipulates data performing calculations sorting lists and numbers drawing graphs A computer processes data in a device called the central processing unit (CPU) Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 4 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics Data, Information, and Files Data is defined as the symbols, raw facts or figures that represent people, events, things and ideas Information is data that is presented in a format people can understand and use to make decisions Computers store data in digital format as a series of 1s and 0s. Each 1 or 0 is called a bit Eight bits is called a byte Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 11 Chapter Section A Computer Basics 1 Output Computer output is the results produced by the computer reports documents music graphs pictures An output device displays, prints or transmits the results of processing Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 4 Chapter Section A Computer Basics 1 Storage A computer stores data so that it will be available for processing Memory is an area of a computer that holds data that is waiting to be processed and for later use Temporary Storage is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 5 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics A computer stores data in files, right? A file is a named collection of data that exists on a storage medium A data file contains data such as the text for a document Generally what you create An executable file contains the programs or instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task A filename extension describes a file’s contents EXE GIF Back-up of computer files Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 11 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What is a peripheral device? A peripheral device designates equipment that might be added to a computer to enhance its functionality Printer Digital camera Scanner Joystick Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 11 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics Application Software and Operating Systems Basics Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 12 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What is application software? Application software is a set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task Create, edit, and print documents Manage money accounts Create and edit home movies Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 12 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics Is an operating system some type of application software? An operating system is essentially the master controller for all activities that take place within a computer Acts as a “go between” for application software and hardware Why you know the name Bill Gates Does this give Microsoft an advantage in developing application software??? Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 12 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What are the most popular operating systems? Microsoft Windows Microsoft Antitrust case Microsoft required computer makers to install Internet Explorer if they wanted to use Windows 95 • Designed to eliminate Netscape Navigator?? Federal judge ruled Microsoft was a monopoly and was abusing this power Thankfully (for Microsoft) Bush was elected President and settlement was negotiated EU Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 12 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics What are the most popular operating systems? Mac OS Why you can’t run application software designed for Windows on a Mac Linux Free operating system • Stable • Uses hardware efficiently • Threat to Microsoft’s stranglehold on operating systems? Unix Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 12 Chapter 1 Section A Computer Basics How does an operating system affect compatibility? Two of the most important factors that influence compatibility and define a computer’s platform are the microprocessor and the operating system Wintel • Intel: microprocessors • Windows is the primary operating system • As a result, Microsoft and Intel have an extraordinary amount of clout in the computer industry Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 13 Chapter 1 Section B Internet Basics User ID’s and Passwords A user ID: characters that becomes a person’s unique identifier A password: is a different series of characters that verifies your identity Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 22 Passwords What not to use any form of any name any or part of your user id phone number, birthday or anniversary license plate, social security or any number any word less than six characters • software to crack passwords Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Passwords What to use easy to remember at least six characters can be typed quickly combination of letters, numbers, symbols • 3nu$7% Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Passwords Creating easy and secure passwords an acronym, e.g. IlBUS1950! the first letters and numbers of a sentence. • • ImtTi1978. I moved to Texas in 1978. choose two short words and combine them with a punctuation character • eiu+cold Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Passwords Don’t… write it down check “Remember my password” use simple reminders Do… Change your password every two months Create different passwords for different types of accounts • Low security: WebCT • High security: Online banking Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Chapter 1 Section B Internet Basics What sort of resources does the Internet provide? Web Sites –corporations, stores, magazines, and more Domain names www.ford.com Not incredibly expensive First come, first served www.isu.edu mcgradyproperties.com Cybersquatting McDonalds.com Lawsuits • Reynolds.com Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 15 Chapter 1 Section C Web Basics Search Engines Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 31 Search engines Search engines Individual Meta Database of web pages Searches Spiders (bots) crawl through links Index words on public web pages Web page owners can submit pages Searching index, not all of web!! Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Some web page owners pay to have their pages shown when you search for “commercial” topics Search engines Search engines Individual Searches Limit searches to improve relevance Chicago Bears “ChicagoCubs” “Chicago Cubs”, + losers Cardinals, + winners Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Meta Database of web pages Chapter 1 Section C Web Basics How do I use a form to find information? Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 33 Search engines Search engines Individual Meta Topic Directory Database of web pages Multiple search engines Hierarchy of topics google.com dogpile.com yahoo.com Only 60% overlap in search engine content Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja When should you use Yahoo instead of a search engine?? E-Mail Use bcc: to quickly send messages to multiple “significant others”??? Sending E-mail cc: bcc: Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja E-Mail Responding to E-mail Forward Reply Reply All Responding to group messages Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja If you reply to a message from the class listserv (the class e-mail list), who will receive your reply??? E-MAIL Should you keep 472 messages in your In Box??? Managing E-mail Move messages from your In-Box Use folders Delete messages you don’t move Empty trash Storage limits Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja E-MAIL Should you respond to junk mail messages to unsubscribe from mailing lists??? Managing E-mail Spam Unsolicited commercial e-mail to multiple recipients Unsubscribe?? Block Sender/Filters?? (BUS 1950) Get a junk e-mail account Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja E-MAIL Should employers monitor e-mail E-mail privacy messages of their employees??? Donnelleys Sending electronic postcard Arcola Some employers monitor e-mail Plaintiffs attorneys love e-mail Prosecuting attorneys love e-mail Bank of America Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Microsoft Merrill Lynch Chapter 1 Section D E-mail Basics What’s an e-mail attachment? An e-mail attachment is a file that travels with a message to the recipient Easy way to send a virus Computer Concepts 5th Edition Parsons/Oja Page 37