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NEMOProject
Phase 2
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Composizione
Stazione a terra
Survey
Autorizzazioni e permessi
Cavo elettro-ottico
Branching Units
Cable Terminations Assembly
Operazioni Marine
Operazioni a terra
Shore Power Feed Equipment
DC/DC Converter
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Shore Station
Ingresso Cavo Elettro-Ottico
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Backbone Cable
Cable Outer Diameter
Conductor Diameter
DC Resistance
Weight Air/Water
17 mm
Copper Shield
1.6 Ω/km
0.90-0.57 Kg/m
Cable Breaking load
70 kN
Operating Tension
30 kN
Min. Dynamic Bending 500LW/900DA mm
Working Voltage
Drop Voltage
10 kV
1.600 V
Current
10 A
Power
100 kW
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Power Budget
Storey power load (4 OM + storey electronics + additional sensors) 20 W
x 16 storeys 320 W
+ additional power load at the tower base (electronics, sensors, …) 100 W
Total power load per tower 420 W
x 81 towers (5.184 OM)
34 kW
+ JB power load (electronics, sensors, …), 300 W per JB 3 kW
+ additional power load as spare or associate science 10 kW
Total power load
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
~50 kW
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Branching Unit
Interdisciplinary Activity Requests
Electro-Optics Characteristics Intermediate Branching Unit
• Depth - 100 m
Power 250 W DC
1 Fiber Optic ITU.T G.655
• Depth - 2.000 m
Power 500 W DC
1 Fiber Optic ITU.T G.655
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 System Layout
20 Km
100 m
Passive
BU
100 m
40 Km
100 m
Passive
BU
100 m
80 Km
100 m
Active
BU
7 Km
PFE
Current
Probe
Trunk End#1
Trunk End#3
Trunk End#2
DC/DC
100 m Depth
Mario Sedita
2.000 m Depth
Meeting di Collaborazione
12 Km
3.500 m Depth
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Marine Operations
•Project Management
•Desk top study
•Environmental Impact Assessment
•Authorization and permitting service
•Cable Route Survey
Marine Geophysical Survey
Topographic Landing Area Survey
Diver Survey
Reporting and Charting
•Route Clearance
•Pre Lay Grapnel Run
•Marine installation
Cable loading
Cable main lay
Beach work and cable protection
Post Lay Works
Final Reporting and Charting
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Survey
Cable Route Survey
Catania
Marine Geophysical Survey
Topographic Landing Area Survey
Diver Survey
Reporting and Charting
Sintesi dei risultati
•Confronto tra la rotta contrattuale e la rotta finale
Rotta Contrattuale
Rotta Finale e Diagramma di Linea
Differenze tra la Rotta Contrattuale e la
Rotta Finale
Lista dei Contatti Sonar
Lista dei Cavi Incrociati
•Datum orizzontale e verticale
•Topografia dell’area di approdo di Capo Passero
Capo Passero
Risultati di dettaglio
•Rotta percorsa durante il Survey
•Descrizione degli allegati cartografici
•Campionamenti del fondo marino
•Attività di possibile interferenza con il collegamento
•Fattori antropici
Attività di pesca
Servizi esistenti ed in progetto
Relitti ed impedimenti alla navigazione
Dati sui danni subiti dai cavi sottomarini
nell’area interessata dal cavo
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Configuration
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Power Feed Equipment
Block Diagram
CONTROLLER SHELF
PU Controller
Power In
Converter
n…..
PU
Monitors
Common
Monitors
Cable
Termination
Cubicle
Converter
PU
to line
system
earth
ALARM CONCENTRATOR
SHELF
OPTICAL FIBER
DISTRIBUTION UNIT
Dummy
Load
routing
switch
CABLE TERMINATING SHELF
EARTH ISOLATION SHELF
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 BMH
Capo Passero
Approdo
Mario Sedita
Catania
Approdo
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Passive BU
High power flying ROV receptacle assembly
Electro-Optical Flying ROV receptacle assembly
Specifications:
･ Dimensions 2.0x0.5x2.0(m)
･ Weight : 1200kg (in Air)
･ Pressure Resist : 4000m
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Active Branching Unit
Control and Power Distribution
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 DFME Auto Latching Branching Unit
>BU Supervisory Functions
1>1.2 s
Recovery Driver
Command
Sequence
28.8 ms
3 X Current
Share Request
3 X Apply Current Sharing
1>1.2 s
Main Driver
Command
Sequence
28.8 ms
3 X Configuration
Request
3 X Confirm
Configuration Request
Main Driver
Recovery Driver
Commands
Commands
Command
Sequence
Delay between 75 - 100 s
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Active Branching Unit
Fibres
ReF
Optics Tray
Recovery receiver
Main Smoothing Board
Recovery Zeners
Fibres
Recovery
Chassis
D (Earth)
C
Main
Chassis
A
B
Blank
Chassis
Main Driver
ReE
RLB ReC
Main Zero Detect and Main Zeners
Resistor Box
Mario Sedita
ReD
RLA
Main Bridge
Rectifier
Meeting di Collaborazione
Pin Diodes
Splice Tray
Main Receiver
Surge Coil
Catania 23-25/01/2006
5-7m
Sea Hearth Connection
Mario Sedita
1m
0.27m
Nemo Phase 2 Cable Termination Assembly
CTA
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Cable Termination Assembly
To shore
Cable In
VDC 10 kV
400 Vdc Out
Fibre Out
Cable Out
DC/DC
5-10 kW
VDC 10 kV
DC/DC
5-10 kW
400 Vdc Out
Fibre Out
ROV connector
ROV connector
JB
DC/AC
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 DC/DC Converter 10kV/400V
Internal
supply
Input
filter
Output
filter
200V
50V
Tx
Current
sense
Primary switching
Synchronous rectifier
Gate
Drive
Sub Converter
Topology used in the Neptune Project by JPL NASA
Low stress design
600V transistors used to switch 200V
Devices capable of working at 100oC used at 36oC
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 DC/DC Design
In the event of the FET failing Open
circuit the diodes fail short circuit,
typically 0.5 to 1 ohm
10kV
Output
diodes
allows Large large
scale failure of sub
converter output
sections or control
with only reduced
output current
400V
Control /
start-up 1
Control /
start-up 2
Control /
start-up 3
Control /
start-up 4
Control /
start-up 5
Control /
start-up 6
X-Ray showing plate construction.
Without bond wires, rupture current
grater than 150A
10kV
Sub converters
input
sections
fail short circuit
allowing large to
fail without loss
of output
400V
Control /
start-up 1
Mario Sedita
Control /
start-up 2
Control /
start-up 3
Control /
start-up 4
Control /
start-up 5
Control /
start-up 6
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Physical Construction of First MARS Converter
Large diameter sea case is expensive and difficult to handle
PCBs are too large for most manufactures, limited number of suppliers
PCBs are too large for pick and place assembly machines, must be
hand built
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 DC/DC Converter Project
Compact Physical Construction
Pressure compensation using bellows
Flourinert FC77 filled housing
PCBs perpendicular to pressure vessel
Ethylene Propylene O-Rings
External connections
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Ground Return Electrodes
•Single conductor cable necessitates ground return electrodes
•Similar applications include:
–Gas generation
–HVDC Power Distribution
–Trans-ocean telecom systems
–Impressed current cathodic protection
Ground Return Circuit
V
Node
Converters
+
10 kV
Shore
Power
Supply
-
-
I
+
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Anode
Anode Coating
Backfill
Soil
Saturated Sand
Sea Water
Cathode Coating
Cathode
10 A
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Remote Earth Electrode
Ti grade 2
electrode structure
Insulated steel strength
termination
Standard cable buffer
Earth conductor +redundancy
Mixed metal oxide coating
Elastomer bend limiter
Active surface of
electrode
LW cable core passes through electrode. Outer armour
wires terminated in a similar way to an armoured cable joint
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Tower Power Distribution 400 VAC
Benthosphere
-
Electric load
storey 16
-
Electric load
storey 3
-
Electric load
storey 2
-
Electric load
storey 1
~
~
FCM
~
~
(Floor Control Module)
~
~
~
~
Tower
storeys
Base Tower
CONNECTION
Vin 400VAC
Mario Sedita
Secondary JB
Meeting di Collaborazione
Second. JB - base tower
Electro-optical cable
Catania 23-25/01/2006
Nemo Phase 2 Diagramma Temporale
Mario Sedita
Meeting di Collaborazione
Catania 23-25/01/2006