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VLSI & ULSI
Ben Jibilian, Daniel Louis, Jae Lee, Yonel Brown
History
● Jack Kilby introduced the first integrated
circuit in 1958 which allowed multiple
transistors to be placed on a single chip
● Businesses such as Texas Instruments,
where Kilby was employed, arose which
resulted in the improvement of more
transistors on chips
● In the 60’s, microelectronics evolved from
10 transistor chips to 100 transistor chips
in just one decade (SSI to MSI)
● Up to about 1000 transistors could be
placed on a single chip by the mid-70’s and
that number would continue to grow
exponentially (LSI)
TI Advertisement (1954)
History
● The number of transistors on a
single chip was said to double
about every 2 years
● VLSI came about in the mid-80’s
when single chips bypassed 1000
transistor capacity
● ULSI can be referred to when
talking about chips that can have
more than 1 million transistors
● There are no major differences
between VLSI and ULSI
What is VLSI
VLSI is a type of integrated circuit design.
Integrate Circuit = An IC is a collection of electronic components – resistors,
transistors, capacitors, etc. – all stuffed into a tiny chip, and connected together
to achieve a common goal. [6]
Small (SSI) < 100 components and about 10 gates
Medium (MSI)< 500 components and more than 10 but less than 100 gates.
Large (LSI) < 300000 components and more than 100 gates
Very Large (VLSI) > 300000 components per chip
[3]
Advantages of IC and VLSI
[7]
1. The size of circuits is reduced
2. Devices are more economical
3. Increases operating speed
4. Less power required than discreete circuits
5. Reliability increases with integration size.
VLSI Design [4]
Consists primarily of Front End and Back End design.
Design Steps:
Problem Specification
Architecture Definition
Functional Design
Logic Design
Circuit Design
Physical Design
Packaging
Moore’s Law
● (Gordon) Moore’s law projects the numbers of transistors on a chip would
double every 18/24 months.
● With Moore’s law integrated chips can reach a low cost, improve
performance, and increase functionality
● As time goes on and Morre’s law holds more and more chips are using
ULSI.
Moores Law Graph [4]
ULSI
● Ultra large-scale integration
is the process of embedding
millions of transistors on one
microchip.
● ULSI is considered the
successor to LSI and VLSI.
● Designed to provide the
greatest possible
computational power from
the smallest form of
microchip
.
Sources
1.https://prezi.com/9t5uhcwi6run/vlsivery-large-scale-integration/
2.http://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/cs181/projects/201011/TechnologicalSingularity/pageviewa478.html?file=forfeasibility.html
3. http://www.daenotes.com/electronics/devices-circuits/integrated-circuits-ic
4. http://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/vlsi-design-future?page=1
5. http://www.radiomuseum.org/forum/first_silicon_transistors.html
6. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/integrated-circuits
7.http://www.techulator.com/resources/13398-What-is-VLSI-Technology.aspx