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Environmental Issues, Their Causes,
and Sustainability
Sustainability
Growth & Development
Resources & Pollution
Problems in the Environment
Chapter 1
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Environmental Issues Journal
• What is sustainability?
• Discuss the correlation, if any, between
human population and natural resource
consumption.
• Do you believe that the current lifestyle
of the US is sustainable? Analyze your
lifestyle; how would resources be
affected if everyone on Earth lived the
way you do?
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Key Concepts
Growth and Sustainability
Resources and Resource Use
Pollution
Causes of Environmental Problems
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The Field of Environmental
Science
• Environmental Science is
interdisciplinary, and includes
_________________ and ___________
aspects of ____________ impact.
– Incorporates scientific aspects of
___________, conservation, geography,
with inputs ____________ sciences such as
__________, sociology and political
science.
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Q: What classes have you taken that
are interdisciplinary with
Environmental Science?
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Interrelated Nature
Environmental Problems
• ___________ is everything that affects an
organism during its lifetime.
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An Ecosystem Approach
• Ecology- the study
___________________________________
_________________________
• Ecosystem: Region in which the organisms
and the ______________________ form an
interacting unit. (living and nonliving
things)
– The task of an Environmental Scientist is to
recognize and understand natural interactions
and integrate these with human uses of the
natural world.
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What is the task for
Environmental Scientists?
• ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
__________________________
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Living More Sustainably
• Sustainability- (1)
__________________________________________
_________________________________________
& (2) _______________________ earth’s
endowment of natural capital that supplies this
income
• Sustainable Society-satisfying the basic needs of the
people for food, clean air & water, and shelter
indefinitely without (1) depleting or degrading
natural resources & (2) preventing future
generations from meeting their basic needs
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Refer to Spotlight on p. 5
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Population Growth
Exponential
Growth- Growth in a
species that takes place
at a
___________________
___________________
Doubling
Time/
____
Rule of 70- 70
divided by percentage
growth rate=doubling
time
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Fig. 1-2 p. 4
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Graphing Population Curve
• Draw a line graph representing the human
population growth curve from 1904 until 2054.
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Critical Thinking:
• Why do you think there has been a population
explosion world wide? Discuss 3 world factors
that impact population.
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World Population
Fig. 1-1 p. 2
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Economic Growth
• ______________________ (GNP)- the value of all
the goods and services produced within and outside
of a country during a year plus the net income
earned by its citizens
• ___________________ (GDP)-the value in dollars
of all goods and services produced within a country
• _____________________________ (GWP)- the
value of all the goods and services produce in the
world during a year
• Per Capita Income GNP- GNP divided by the
population at mid-year; each persons “slice of the
pie”
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Economic Development
• Developed countries •
(MDC)- (__________)
highly industrialized
with high per capita
GNP; represent 20%
of the worlds pop that
control 85% of wealth;
88% of resources and
produce 75% of
pollution and waste
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Developing countries
(LDC)(__________) low
per capita GNP;
represent 95% of the
projected increase in
the worlds
population
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The Good of Economic Growth
• Positive
– Increased _______________________
– ________________________
– Increased _______________
– Safe ____________________ in Rural Areas
– Increased Production with fewer materials
– ___________ in Major __________________
(since 1970s) in MDC
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The Bad of Economic Growth
• Negative– Life Expectancy _________ in LDCs (low developed
countries)
– __________ _______ is 8 times ______ in LDCs
– Less Sustainability in Agricultural Practices
– __________________________________ (WHO)
– Increased Demand on Resources (pop)
– __________________of Habitable Surface (73%
already)
– _________ ________ from Burning of Fossil Fuels
– ***1 in 4 ____________________________________
– 5/23/2017
______ _____ Increase (___ get _____, ____ get _____)
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Globalization
• Globalization-the process of ______,
________ environmental and _______
change that leads to an ________
_____________ world; Three major
indicators:
– _______ ________
– ___________ and _____________
– ____________ ______________
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Resources
__________
___________
____-________
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Fig. 1-6 p. 9
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Renewable Resources
 _______ ________- the ________ ________
of _______________ in which it can be used
indefinitely __________ its available ______
 Environmental Degradation- __________ a
__________________ causing the resource to
decrease
Urbanization of ___________________
Excessive ____________/___________ ___________
____________/__________________
Decreased
__________________
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Non-Renewable Resources
 Energy- _________, ______, ____________
 Metallic- _____, _____, aluminum (recycleable)
 Non-Metallic- _______, sand, clay, _________
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Economic Depletion
Fig. 1-7 p. 10
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Ecological Footprint
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Fig. 1-8 p. 10
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Quick Assessment:
• Analyze the Economical Footprint Graph.
• What Country has the highest economical footprint
per capital income per acre?
• What country is reducing its economical footprint?
• Discuss the trend in India’s Economical footprint.
• ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
________________
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Pollution
 Pollution- any ____________ of a
__________ into the environment that
_________ _________ organisms; can either
be _______ or _________ (_____________)
______________ activity
Burning of ___________ ______________
 Effects of PollutionDisrupt ___________ systems for _________
Damage to species and property
Unwanted __________________________
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Quick Assessment
• How is pollution defined?
________________________________
• What does “anthropogenic” mean?
• Cite and describe several natural and manmade (more than 3) causes that determine the
effects of pollution on the environment.
• _____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
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Pollution Sources
 __________ __________- pollution that
comes from a ___________ ________ source
______________
_______________
________ ________(cars)
 _________ Source- pollution that comes into
an area from another, ______________,
region
__________ _________ (pesticides)
Sprayed
pesticides & materials ______________
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Dealing With Pollution
Prevention (________ __________)the reduction or elimination of pollutants
R______, r_______, r_______,
r__________ & r______________
 Cleanup (_______ _________)____________________________; issues
_______________ as long as consumption of
product continues
Transient-____________________________
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___________- generally passed to the consumer
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Air Pollution
Global climate change
Stratospheric ozone
depletion
Urban air pollution
Acid deposition
Outdoor pollutants
Indoor pollutants
Noise
Biodiversity Depletion
• Habitat destruction
• Habitat degradation
• Extinction
•
•
Major
Environmental
Problems
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Water Pollution
Sediment
Nutrient overload
Toxic chemicals
Infectious agents
Oxygen depletion
Pesticides
Oil spills
Excess heat
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Environmental
Problems
Waste Production
• Solid waste
• Hazardous waste
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Food Supply Problems
Overgrazing
Farmland loss
and degradation
Wetlands loss
and degradation
Overfishing
Coastal pollution
Soil erosion
Soil salinization
Soil waterlogging
Water shortages
Groundwater depletion
Loss of biodiversity
Poor nutrition
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Quick Assessment
• Review the Major Environmental Chart and
create your own with 3-5 examples under each
category. In your opinion, what problems do
you consider the most threatening to the
environment?
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Environmental and Resource
Five Root Causes
Problems
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Environmental Impact
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Fig. 1-11 p. 13
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Environmental Interactions
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Fig. 1-12 p. 14
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Quick Assessment:
• Review the images for Environmental
Resources and Problems, Environmental
Impact, and Environmental Interaction.
• Discuss the 3 relationships each image has
with another chart. You may want to create a
Venn diagram or graphic organizer to help you
visualize your thoughts.
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Environmental Worldviews
 Planetary Management-humans are
dominate and decide how to best manage
the planet
Humans are in charge
There will always be more (unlimited supply)
Economic growth is good…always
Success depends on our ability to dominate,
understand and control nature
Technology will inevitably save mankind
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Environmental Worldviews
 Environmental Wisdom- human beings are
like other species and rely on the earth to
survive
Nature does not exist just for us; we need the
earth but the earth does not need us
Limited Resources should not be wasted
Some economic growth is good, other types are
not; encourage the good
Understand the earth to learn to live in harmony
with it; the more informed, the better our decisions
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Quick Assessment
• Review the “Worldviews”
• In four ways, compare or contrast the Environmental
Worldviews.
• Choose 3 statements that you agree with and describe
your views (please paraphrase or write out those
statements)
• Choose 3 statements where your viewpoint differs
from the worldview. Explain your perspective (please
paraphrase or write out those statements)
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Environmentally-Sustainable
Economic Development
Social
Economic
Social
Economic
Sustainable
Solutions
Environmental
Environmental
Fig. 1-13 p. 17
Traditional
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decision making
Decision making in a
sustainable society
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