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Abrahamic
Religions
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
Historical Context
• Polytheism and monotheistic religions
(Judaism and Christianity)
• Blood feuds, violence, and immorality
• Muhammad was a merchant
• Saudi Arabia
FACES OF ISLAM
FACES OF ISLAM
Islam:
Myths and Reality
Terminology:
The religion is called
ISLAM(submissiveness).
The people are
MUSLIMS.
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Myth #1:
Most Muslims are Arabs
who live in the Middle East.
3
Reality:
Of more than 1
billion Muslims
worldwide, only
about 1/5 are
Arabs.
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Try to Guess:
Which country has more
Muslims than any other
country in the world?
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Answer:
Indonesia - with over 200
million Muslims.
Note: The U.S. has about 5
million Muslims.
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Myth #2:
Muslims have a strange
religion and worship a
god called Allah.
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Reality:
Muslims are
monotheistic.
Muslims believe
they are
worshipping the
same God as Jews
and Christians.
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Note:
Allah’ is the Arabic
word for ‘God.’
‘
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Myth #3:
Muslims believe it is
o.k. to kill civilians in
a holy war (“jihad”).
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Reality:
Jihad-refers to the
internal struggle of
right and wrong
Only Muslim
extremists believe
this.
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Myth #4:
Most Muslim
women wear veils
over their faces and
are treated very
badly.
13
Reality:
• Muslim women have many different styles
of dress. (Very few cultures require
women to cover their faces.)
• The treatment of women varies from
country to country and family to family.
• Some Muslim countries, like Pakistan,
have had female prime ministers. The
U.S. has never had a female president.
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MUSLIM BELIEFS
• ONE GOD
• BELIEVE IN THE PROPHETS OF
JUDAISM AND BELIEVE JESUS WAS A
PROPHET
• MUHAMMAD IS A PROPHETMESSENGER OF GOD
• KORAN- HOLY SCRIPTURES
• FIVE PILLARS
• HEAVEN AND HELL
Muslim sacred text:
QURAN (or KORAN):
Message from God
revealed through the
Prophet Muhammad
Guides Muslims how to
live life, morals, values,
etc
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The Quran
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Main Beliefs of Islam
5 Pillars of Islam
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Declaration of Faith in GodShahada:
Belief in one God and that
Muhammad is His prophet.
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Salat-Prayer:
5 times a day – facing
Mecca
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Almsgiving-Zakat
Giving money to the poor is
REQUIRED, not optional
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Fasting-Sawm
During the month of Ramadan,
Muslims cannot eat or drink
anything during the daylight hours.
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Pilgrimage-Hajj
Once in their lives – IF they
can afford it, Muslims make a
pilgrimage to Mecca
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In Mecca during the pilgrimage
kabah
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Place of Worship
MOSQUE: a Muslim
place of worship
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Mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammed Ali mosque, Cairo,
Egypt
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Inside the Mohammed Ali Mosque
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Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmet
Mosque), Istanbul Turkey
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Dome of a mosque, Esfahan, Iran
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Mosque in Djenne, Mali (West
Africa)
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North African mosque
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Indonesian mosque
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Islamic architecture in Spain
http://www.islamservices.org
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Muslim mosque and tombstone in
Sarajevo, Bosnia
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Mosque in Tempe, Arizona
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TWO MUSLIM SECTS
Sunni- Orthodox-traditional
Elect caliphs, or
successors to lead
Shia(Shiah)- Imam, or leader
must have direct lineage to
the Prophet Muhammad
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Symbols
Muslim Holidays:
Ramadan
• One month of fasting (No food or drink
during daylight hours)
• Humility and submissiveness before God
Eid
• Marks the end of Ramadan
• Prayer and celebrations
• Money is given to the poor or a charity
• Sometimes gifts are exchanged
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Pakistani dress (left); Saudi
Arabian (right)
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Iranian woman
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Somali (left); West African (right)
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Malaysian (left); Indian/
Bangladeshi (right)
Hijab
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Afghani women wearing burqas
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