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Islam “Never expect things to happen, struggle and make them happen. Never expect yourself to be given a good value, create a value of your own.” Islam: Origins Desert Nomads = Bedouins Islam = “Submission to God” Muslim = “One who submits” Muhammad born in 570 C.E. (Mecca) Muhammad was 40 when Gabriel spoke to him. (messenger) Saudi Arabia, 622 C.E. (Hijrah) 630 C.E. Muhammad returns (10,000) Mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia Islam: Sacred Text Qur’an = Koran: –Revelations received from Gabriel –Muhammad's divine encounters –Final form 20 years after his death –Muhammad dictated to scribes –112 sutras –The Five Pillars of Islam Islam: Sacred Text The Five Pillars of Islam: –Faith = “There is only one God Allah and Muhammad is his prophet.” –Prayer = Pray five times a day toward Mecca. –Alms = Give charity to the poor Islam: Sacred Text The Five Pillars of Islam: –Fasting = During the month of Ramadan, Muslims don't eat or drink from sunrise to sunset. –Pilgrimage = Perform the Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca, at lest one in a life time. Images The Ka’bah in Mecca Islam: Beliefs Accepts Hebrew Scriptures & New Testament Abraham, Moses, & Jesus Does not conflict with Jewish or Christian religious principles God is merciful. Satan leads you astray. Islam: Beliefs God is Allah & Muhammad the Prophet is his messenger. Nothing is secular (non-religious) all is guided by the will of Allah. One should lead a good life and recite verses from God’s word (in the Koran). There is paradise & hell. Public worship on Fridays Islam: Leaders God = Allah Muhammad = last prophet & messenger Prophets = Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Ishmael Muezzin (Mu’adhin) = recites verses Imam = prayer leader (man of knowledge) Islam: Holiday Holy month of Ramadan: –Muslims do not smoke, eat, drink, or have sex - between sunrise & sunset - is a time of daily repentance (reflect on their past misdeeds)