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A young prince who lived a sheltered life A seer predicted he would become either a mighty king or a great religious leader His father made sure he would not have to endure any hardships and gave Siddhartha the most luxurious life possible He was given three different palaces to live in and servants to attend to his every need Siddhartha (Cont.) One day Siddhartha asked to leave his palace and go for a ride During this ride Siddhartha saw people living in pain, misery and poverty – he was shocked that people had to endure it On one of his next rides outside of the palace Siddhartha saw a man who had given up all his possessions and comforts to overcome old age, disease, and death Siddhartha decided to follow this man’s example by leaving his palace and becoming a monk Siddhartha spent six years meditating and studying with gurus and monks, but could not find enlightenment He finally found the path to enlightenment after meditating all night under a tree – surrounded by violent storms and temptations that tested his will He became known as the Buddha, and his teachings developed into the religion of Buddhism The Four Noble Truths Life is full of suffering and sorrow Suffering comes from the desire of pleasure material things Overcoming these desires during your life will bring the suffering to an end People can overcome suffering by following the Eightfold Path Right View – accepting the Four Noble Truths Right Attitude – moderation in all things Right Speech – avoiding lying, bragging, and hurtful words Right Action – treating others fairly Right Livelihood – avoiding jobs that bring harm to others Right Effort – always trying to improve yourself Right Mindfulness – being aware of the world around you Right Concentration – ignoring temptation and discomfort while meditating If you follow the Eightfold Path you can attain Nirvana – a state of perfect peace that frees the soul from suffering Nirvana can take many lifetimes to achieve The Middle Way – live your life by avoiding extremes Divisions of Buddhism Theravada – The Way of the Elders, the oldest Buddhist tradition; people should become monks or nuns and spend all their time meditating to find enlightenment – very personal Mahayana – people can help each other find enlightenment; those who have found enlightenment but have not passed on to nirvana can help others on their path Tibetan – similar to Mahayana, but followers believe they can use special techniques to harness spiritual energy and achieve nirvana in one lifetime Buddhist teachings spread across India long after the Buddha’s death Ashoka, an Indian emperor, encouraged missionaries to spread Buddhism outside of India Buddhism also spread because of trade with China As the religion spread it continued to change and develop