Download Volcanoes

What are the 3 types of
volcanoes and where are
they located?
Chapter 9
Pages 256-265
Volcanoes
Chapter 9
Sections 1,2 and 3
VOLCANOES
What is a volcano?
• An area of the Earth’s surface
through which magma and
volcanic gases pass.
• Most are located at plate
boundaries.
• 75% of the volcanoes in the world
are located in the Ring of Fire.
RingRing
of Fireof Fire
3 Types of Volcanoes
1. Shield Volcano
2. Cinder Cone Volcano
3. Composite Volcano
Shield Volcano
• Produced by layers of lava released from non
explosive eruptions. Lava spreads out over a
wide area.
• These volcanoes have gently sloping sides and
lava spreads out over a wide area.
• Shaped like a shield
Mount Kea, in Hawaii, is the largest volcano on
Earth. Measured from its base on the sea-floor, it is
taller than mount Everest.
Shield Volcano
•
Here are 4 of the volcanoes that comprise the big island of Hawai'i. They
are Mauna Kea (MK), Mauna Loa (ML), Hualalai (H), and Kohala (K).
The photo was taken from near the summit of East Maui volcano (EM).
These are the largest volcanoes on Earth.
Shield Volcano
Belknap Shield Volcano in Oregon.
Cinder Cone Volcano
Produced from moderately explosive
eruptions and pyroclastic material
Cinder cone volcanoes
• have steep slopes.
• are usually small.
• often occur in clusters.
• erode very quickly, pyroclastic
material is not cemented together.
Cinder Cone Volcano
Veniaminof, Alaska
Mount Etna, Italy
Composite Volcanoes
• form from alternating explosive and
non-explosive eruptions.
• broad bases and sides that get steeper
toward the top.
• most common
• called strato-volcanoes (layers)
Composite Volcanoes
Mount Ranier, Washington
Costa Rica- Arenal Volcano
• http://www.arenal.net/arenal-volcano.htm
What is a crater?
The area around the central vent
of a volcano is called a crater.
More pics of
Crater Lake: http://www.serve.com/wizjd/parks/crater_lake/crater_lake.html
What is a
Hotspot?
1. an area of persistent
volcanic activity.
2. originate at unusually
hot areas of the mantlecore boundary.
3. Overlying mantle melts
forming plumes of
magma that rise and
penetrate the crust
forming volcanoes.
4. Hawaii, Iceland, and
Yellowstone are
examples of hot spots.
Review
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1. I am the largest type of volcano.
2. I have alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material.
3. I am made of pyroclastic material.
4. I am made of layers of lava released from a non-explosive
eruption.
5. I am the area around the central vent of a volcano.
6. I usually from in clusters.
What is pyroclastic material?
7. I form from explosive eruptions.
8. What is a hotspot?
• Volcano World: http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/
• Awesome site for volcanoes around the world.