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WarmUp
1. Seafloor spreading occurs at an
average rate of 5 cm (0.00005 km) per
year. At this rate, how long would it
take for a narrow sea that is 1 km wide
to form?
2. What causes the continental crust to
stretch and break?
Objective and Agenda
• Objective: SWBAT explain the movement of the
tectonic plates.
• Agenda:
1. Plate Boundaries Notes
2. Partner Practice
3. Type of Boundary Poster
4. Exit Ticket
HW- Get progress
report signed- return
by Monday!
Mantle Convection
Draw the diagram below
White board discussion
1. Explain why
convections currents
rise and sink.
2. How are convection
currents connected to
the movement of
tectonic plates?
3. What part of the Earth
is responsible for
heating the
asthenosphere?
3
Wegener’s Continental Drift
Hypothesis
• Continental drift – the hypothesis that
states that the continents once formed
a single landmass, broke up, and
drifted to their present locations.
– Alfred Wegener proposed the theory in the
early 1900’s.
Wegener’s Continental Drift
Hypothesis White Board Activity
What evidence did Wegener use to
support his Hypothesis?
Wegener’s Continental Drift
Hypothesis
• Inconclusive Evidence
– No credible evidence that explained why
the continents moved.
• Wegner thought that the continents just
“plowed” through the rocks.
• Many scientist concluded that the continents
would have broken into several different pieces
if this were to true.
Caution you are entering a no
note taking zone.
7
Pangaea
The Drifting Continents
• 180 Million Years ago Pangaea
gradually breaks up into two pieces.
– Laurasia
– Gondwana
The Drifting Continents
• 65 million years ago.
• Dinosaurs became extinct and Laurasia
and Gondwana split into two smaller
pieces.
Continue Note Taking
11
The Theory of Plate Tectonics
• Plate Tectonics – the theory that
explains how large pieces of the
Earth’s outermost layer called tectonic
plates, move and change shape.
Tectonic Plate Boundaries
• Boundary – a place where tectonic
plates touch.
• Draw the following chart.
Plate Boundary Posters
14
Sea Floor Spreading Reading
• HESS and Sea Floor Spreading
Evidence.
15
Evidence for Sea-Floor
Spreading: Magnetic reversals
Magnetic Reversals and SeaFloor Spreading
• Rock is slowly taken away from the
spreading center of the ridge as seafloor spreading occurs.
• As Earth’s magnetic field changes
directions the iron minerals on the
ocean floor change directions.
Sea Floor Spreading Activity
What you will need:
• Two markers of different colors
• Two long sheets of paper
• Worksheet
18
Tracking Tectonic Plate
Motion
• Tectonic plates move roughly 5cm per
year.
– The rate is so slow that it cannot be seen
nor felt except during an Earthquake.
• Plate movement is tracked by GPS.
Fall Zone
• The fall zone marks the geologic
boundary of hard metamorphosed
terrain and the sandy, relatively flat
outwash plain of the upper continental
shelf.
– creates water falls.
• Erosion of the mountains help form the
Sandy coastal plain region.
JUST REMEMBER…
Convergent Collide,
Divergent Divide,
Transform Slide
WHAT
1=Transform
2=Convergent
3=Divergent
OF
TYPE
BOUNDARY?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What type of plate is the arrow below pointing
to?
1=Transform
2=Convergent
3=Divergent
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
The picture below shows the San Andreas fault in
California. Many earthquakes occur here. What
type of fault is this?
1=Transform
2=Convergent
3=Divergent
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What type of landform is created by the
boundary below?
WHAT
OF BOUNDARY?
TYPE
What is indicated by the arrow below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary leads to the destruction
of lithosphere?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary leads to the formation of
lithosphere?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary neither forms or
destroyse lithosphere?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
Which layer of the earth is the smiley face on?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
In which layer does the process shown below
(convection) occur?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary formed the mountains in
the picture below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary is shown in the picture
below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What type of boundary
formed the mountains in
the picture below?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
Which type of boundary is the arrow pointing to?
WHAT
TYPE
OF BOUNDARY?
What do scientists call the area that is circled
below?
Himalayan Mountains
Himalayan Mountains
East African Rift Valley
San Andres Fault
The San Andreas Fault
is a continental
transform boundary
that runs a length of
roughly 810 miles
through California
It forms the tectonic
boundary between the
Pacific Plate and the
North American Plate.
It is the most studied
fault on the planet.
San Andres Fault
Homework: Plate Boundaries
44
1. What type of boundary occurs where two
plates crush into one another?
a. Tectonic plate boundary
b. Divergent boundary
c. Convergent boundary
d. Transform fault boundary
4) Which type of plate boundary
destroys lithosphere?
a. Tectonic plate boundary
b. Divergent boundary
c. Convergent boundary
2) Ryan is visiting the mountains in Colorado. What
d. Transform fault boundary
type of tectonic plate boundary is Ryan near?
a. Tectonic plate boundary
5) What was the main question that
b. Divergent boundary
the theory of plate tectonics
c. Convergent boundary
answered?
d. Transform fault boundary
a. How the earth rotates on its axis
b. How new rocks are formed
3) What happens at a divergent boundary?
c. How the weather happens
a. The two plates move towards each other.
d. How were the continents able to
b. The two plates move away from each other.
move from Pangaea to their
c. One plate is forced underneath the other
present location
plate
d. The two plates grind past one another