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CHAPTER NEW CHAPTER Plate Tectonics the BIG idea The movement of tectonic plates causes geologic changes on Earth. 3.1 Earth has several layers. 3.2 Continents change position over time. 3.3 Plates move apart. 3.4 Plates converge or scrape past each other. CHAPTER OUTLINE 3.1 CHAPTER HOME KEY CONCEPT Earth has several layers. VOCABULARY lithosphere inner core outer core crust mantle crust mantle lithosphere asthenosphere outer core inner core asthenosphere tectonic plate The lithosphere is made up of tectonic plates, which rest on the asthenosphere. SECTION OUTLINE 3.2 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Continents change position over time. Gravity and motions in the asthenosphere move tectonic plates over Earth’s surface. VOCABULARY continental drift Pangaea mid-ocean ridge convection convection current theory of plate tectonics Earth’s tectonic plates. Arrows indicate the direction of movement. SECTION OUTLINE 3.3 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Plates move apart. New crust is formed at divergent boundaries. Features include: • mid-ocean ridges VOCABULARY divergent boundary convergent boundary transform boundary rift valley magnetic reversal hot spot SECTION OUTLINE 3.3 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Plates move apart. New crust is formed at divergent boundaries. Features include: • mid-ocean ridges • records of magnetic reversals VOCABULARY divergent boundary convergent boundary transform boundary rift valley magnetic reversal hot spot SECTION OUTLINE 3.3 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Plates move apart. New crust is formed at divergent boundaries. Features include: • mid-ocean ridges • records of magnetic reversals • rift valleys VOCABULARY divergent boundary convergent boundary transform boundary rift valley magnetic reversal hot spot SECTION OUTLINE 3.4 CHAPTER HOME KEY CONCEPT Plates converge or scrape past each other. Crust is destroyed or folded at convergent boundaries. • Subduction boundaries form island arcs, deepocean trenches, and coastal mountains. • Collision boundaries can form mountains. VOCABULARY subduction continentalcontinental collision oceanic-oceanic subduction oceaniccontinental subduction SECTION OUTLINE 3.4 CHAPTER HOME KEY CONCEPT Plates converge or scrape past each other. Crust is destroyed or folded at convergent boundaries. • Subduction boundaries form island arcs, deepocean trenches, and coastal mountains. • Collision boundaries can form mountains. Crust is neither formed nor destroyed at transform boundaries. VOCABULARY subduction continentalcontinental collision oceanic-oceanic subduction oceaniccontinental subduction SECTION OUTLINE 3.1 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Earth has several layers. I. Earth has several layers. A. Earth is made up of materials with different densities. B. Earth’s layers have different properties. 1. Core, Mantle, Crust C. The lithosphere is made up of many plates. VOCABULARY inner core outer core mantle crust lithosphere asthenosphere tectonic plate KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY 3.2 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Continents change position over time. II. Continents change position over time. VOCABULARY continental drift A. Continents join together and split apart. Pangaea 1. Evidence for Continental Drift mid-ocean ridge 2. Pangaea and Continental Drift convection B. The theory of plate tectonics explains how plates and their continents move. 1. Evidence from the Sea Floor convection current theory of plate tectonics 2. Causes of Plate Movement 3. Putting the Theory Together KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY 3.3 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Plates move apart. III. Plates move apart. A. Tectonic plates have different boundaries. B. The sea floor spreads apart at divergent boundaries. VOCABULARY divergent boundary convergent boundary 1. Mid-Ocean Ridges and Rift Valleys transform boundary 2. Sea-Floor Rock and Magnetic Reversals rift valley C. Continents split apart at divergent boundaries. magnetic reversal D. Hot spots can be used to track plate movements. hot spot KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY 3.4 KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Plates converge or scrape past each other. IV. Plates converge or scrape past each other. A. Tectonic plates push together at convergent boundaries. 1. Continental-Continental Collision 2. Oceanic-Oceanic Subduction 3. Oceanic-Continental Subduction B. Tectonic plates scrape past each other at transform boundaries. VOCABULARY subduction continentalcontinental collision oceanic-oceanic subduction oceaniccontinental subduction C. The theory of plate tectonics helps geologists today. KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY
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