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Forces and Pre-Physics Motion Energy Earth Space 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 50 Question 1 - 10 • How many significant figures are in the number 109.084 Answer 1 – 10 • 6 Question 1 - 20 • Convert the following number into scientific notation 8,094 Answer 1 – 20 • 8.094 x 10^3 Question 1 - 30 • Convert 456 hectometers into meters Answer 1 – 30 • 4.56 meters Question 1 - 40 • Convert 97 centimeters into inches (1 inch=2.54 centimeters) Answer 1 – 40 • 38 inches Question 1 - 50 • Give 3 examples of base units Answer 1 – 50 • Meter, liter, second, gram, Kelvin Question 2 - 10 • If you have two objects and they increase in size, is the force of going to increase or decrease? Answer 2 – 10 • increase Question 2 - 20 • What is the formula used to calculate velocity? Answer 2 – 20 • Velocity= distance/time and include the direction Question 2 - 30 • What is Newton’s 3rd law of motion Answer 2 – 30 • For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Question 2 - 40 • What is true of the acceleration of ALL objects near earth’s surface? Answer 2 – 40 • ALL objects accelerate at the same speed regardless of their size or weight (they all accelerate at 9.8 m/s^2) Question 2 - 50 • Describe how mass is related to inertia Answer 2 – 50 • Objects with a larger mass have greater inertia (are harder to stop and start) objects with a smaller mass have less inertia(are easier to stop and start) Question 3 - 10 • The highest part of a wave is called the _____________. Answer 3 – 10 • crest Question 3 - 20 • Half of the distance from crest to trough is called ________________. Answer 3 – 20 • amplitude Question 3 - 30 • What type of wave requires a medium? Answer 3 – 30 • Mechanical wave Question 3 - 40 • What type of wave moves perpendicular to the movement of the medium Answer 3 – 40 • Transverse wave Question 3 - 50 • What is the difference between constructive and destructive interference Answer 3 – 50 • Constructive-two waves that combine to form a wave that is bigger than either original • Destructive-two waves that combine to form a wave that is smaller than either original Question 4 - 10 • What is a positive and a negative of nonrenewable resources? Answer 4 – 10 • Positive: they are cheap and abundant(common) • Negative: they are bad for the environment and we will run out of them eventually Question 4 - 20 • What type of plate boundary has plates coming together AND one plate moves underneath the other? Answer 4 – 20 • Subduction ( a type of convergent boundary) Question 4 - 30 • Describe what conduction is Answer 4 – 30 • Energy transfer through object that are in contact Question 4 - 40 • How does convection impact the formation of the Earth? Answer 4 – 40 • Convection currents in the mantle cause hotter particles to rise pushing tectonic plates around the surface of earth Question 4 - 50 • Describe three ways that water can be polluted. Your examples should each be in a different part of the water cycle. Answer 4 – 50 • Car/factor emissions-in the air during evaportation • Pesticides-in groundwater • Oil spill-in surface waters • Acid rain-during precipitation Question 5 - 10 • how do all stars begin their lives Answer 5 – 10 • As a nebula (cloud of dust) Question 5 - 20 • How do small and medium mass stars end their lives? Answer 5 – 20 • As black dwarfs Question 5 - 30 • Describe what the big bang theory is Answer 5 – 30 • The theory that the universe began as a tiny, compact ball and expanded outward to create the universe that is exists and is continuing to expand outward today Question 5 - 40 • Describe how stars create energy/light Answer 5 – 40 • Nuclear fusion caused by the combination of hydrogen into helium and the extra energy being emitted as light Question 5 - 50 • After nuclear fusion occurs in the core what two zones does the light energy transfer through, AND describe how the energy is transferred in each zone Answer 5 – 50 • Radiative zone-energy is transferred through radiation between individual atoms • Convection-hotter less dense gas rises to the top and the cooler dense gas sinks towards the center (convection)