Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
12.1 Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Resources for Generating Current Electricity p. 474-489 Producing Large Amounts of Electrical Energy… Renewable resources ◦ Best to use since they constantly replenish themselves ◦ However, don’t satisfy all of our energy needs ◦ Ex: hydroelectric, tidal generation, biomass thermal generation, geothermal generation, wind energy, solar energy Non-renewable resources ◦ Most of our energy comes from these sources (89%) ◦ These can’t be replenished in a reasonable amount of time ◦ Ex. burning fossil fuels, nuclear power (radioactive materials) Ways to Produce Electrical Energy 1. Hydroelectric generating stations Falling water turns water turbine wheels Turbine turns a generator, producing electrical energy Ex. Niagara Falls How Hydroelectric Power Works http://www.opg.com/power/hydro/howitw orks.asp USING HEAT TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY Make steam to turn the turbine…. Thermal generation uses heating water to produce steam to rotate a turbine 3 ways to generate steam: (i) burning of plant/animal materials (biomass and burning of fossil fuels) (ii) using radioactive materials (nuclear power) (iii) geothermal energy from the Earth’s deep crust Burning of Fossil Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas)- animal and plant matter decayed over millions years All of these produce air pollution, smog and acid precipitation Biomass: any form of plant or animal matter (including wood, straw, manure, plantbased oils and decaying natural materials) This material can be burned as fuel (biodegradable wastes found in sewage gas and landfill gas) Methane gas released when plant and animal matter decays can be collected and burned as fuel Biomass (biofuel) is renewable because the plant and animal waste is replenished **Fossil fuels have been transformed over long periods of time and are not considered biomass (Nuclear Power: Using Radioactive Materials in Thermal Generation Long tubes (feeder rods) filled with radioactive uranium and placed in a reactor Neutrons collide with the uranium in a high energy reaction nuclear fission occurs breaking the uranium atoms apart huge amounts of energy is released How Nuclear Power Works http://www.howstuffworks.com/nuclearpower.htm http://www.opg.com/power/nuclear/howit works.asp Geothermal Energy Thermal energy from deep in Earth’s crust in hot springs and geysers creates steam Solar Panels Photovoltaic cell converts light into electrical energy Light from the sun is captured and creates a flow of electrons to create electrical energy Wind turbines The. force of the wind is used to spin many small turbines to produce energy Tidal Generation Newer method Movement of tides used to rotate a water turbine Two generation cycles a day because twice a day tide goes in and out Environmental Concerns produce electrical energy without harming the environment For example, burning of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide which contributes to problem of global warming Want to maintain sustainability-consider the social, economic, and environmental aspects of the production and use of electrical energy now and in the future Homework: Read 12.1 copy/summarize table 12.1 on pages 482483 Complete p. 479 #1-5, p. 483 #1-5