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ASM 198 Pest and Pesticides Pesticides are an Essential Tool Pesticides Must Be Used Correctly First Step - Identification Major Types of Pests • Insects and their Relatives • Weeds • Diseases Four Stages of Insect Development • Egg • Larva • Pupa • Adult Grasshopper Development • Egg • Nymphs • Adult Damage Done by Larva Corn Earworm Damage Done by Adult Insects Colorado Potato Beetle Chewing Insects Sucking Insects Useful Insects Three Distinct Body Sections • Head • Thorax • Abdomen • 6 Legs Ticks are NOT Insects Weeds • Weeds are unwanted plants Summer Annual Weeds Winter Annuals Weeds Biennial Weeds Perennial Weeds Plant Diseases • Four Principle Types • Three Elements • Susceptible Plant • Disease Producing Agent • Favorable Environment Fungi Bacteria Viruses Nematodes Good Pest Management What is a PESTICIDE? A Pesticide is a chemical or mixture used to control any animal, plant or plant diseases considered to be a pest. Insecticides • Insecticide-controls insects and relatives Herbicides • Herbicides-control weeds Fungicides • Fungicides-controls fungi Bactericides and Miticides • Bactericides and Miticides-control bacteria and mites respectively Formulations Solutions Emulsifiable Concentrates Wettable Powders Soluble Powders Flowables Granules Fumigants Mixing of Chemicals Residue Malathion Tolerance Modes of Action Systemic Pesticide Translocated Herbicide Contact Herbicides Selective Herbicides Non-Selective Herbicides Pre-emergence Herbicides Post-emergence Herbicides Broadcast Application Banding Applications Directed Application Over-the-Top Application Incorporation of Pesticides Hollow Cone Nozzle Flooding Nozzle