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Sexually Transmitted Diseases So you wanna have sex? Chlamydia Caught early in the 1900’s Known as the silent epidemic ¾ of women and ½ of men will show no symptoms. One of the most common STD’s Caused by a bacteria Symptoms may not show until 1-3 wks after contact Painful urination Swelling of the testes Fever, nausea Pain in abdomen Unusual vaginal bleeding Unusual discharge in both males and females Symptoms can be found in the throat. Chlamydia • Antibiotics will treat this disease. • If left untreated may cause irreversible damage in females. • Can be transferred through birth. • This is curable. 95% after one course/prescription of antibiotics. Gonorrhea • 2nd to Chlamydia • Aka “the drip” • First recognized in 1957 • Bacterial disease Lesion and discharge of the penis • Painful urination • Discharge from the penis • Urinary infection • Irregular bleeding in female. • Discharge from the vagina. • Irritation of the vulva Gonorrhea • Easily treated with antibiotics like Penicillin or Doxicillian • Curable • 2-day to 1month incubation period • May lead to eye infection leading to blindness. Infection of the eye leading to swelling and abnormal discharge Pelvic Inflammatory Disease • It affects the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes • Bacteria • Untreated Chlamydia and gonorrhea Severe pain in the abdomen • Symptoms may not appear for some time or until to late. • Fever • Discharge • Itching • Pain in abdomen and urination • Chills • Pain during menstruation PID • Antibiotics will help with most symptoms. • If left to long damage cannot be undone. • Yes, to a point. • If damage is done the effects cannot be reversed. • May lead to infertility • Surgical removal of reproductive organs. Syphilis • Aka “The great Imitator”. Signs and symptoms are very similar to other ailments. • Bacterial disease • Disease happens in stages Chancre appears where the bacteria entered the body • Primary stage=chancre where it entered the body • Secondary=Rash on the palms/feet – Fever, fatigue, swollen glands, sore throat, hair and weight loss. • Latent=no symptoms (previous symptoms will disappear) • Late=10-20 yrs after. Blindness, paralysis, numbness, difficulty in coordination, dementia Syphilis • Antibiotics will help with this disease. (penicillin) • The earlier the better. • Symptoms lasting longer than yr. chances diminish. • If longer than a year additional doses of antibiotic will be needed. • Damage done to internal organs cannot be reversed. • Yes, it is curable in the 1st two stages. Rash on hands and feet Herpes simplex Virus • 1 out of 4 Americans have herpes. • Type I “oral herpes” • Type II “genital herpes” • Over 100 different strains • First diagnosed in the 1960’s. • Viral infection • Symptoms may occur 10 days after transfer. • Tingling • Itching • Small red blisters/bumps • Headache • Fatigue • Swollen lymph nodes • Vaginal discharge in females. • Can lead to blindness in newborns. HSV • This disease can be treated and managed. • Antiviral medication (valtrex, acyclovir) • It may occur in specific situations ie stress. • It is not cureable • It can be managed to reduce outbreaks. Human Papilloma Virus • Aka venereal warts & genital warts • Caused by a virus • 20 million people have the disease • 1 million new cases each year • #1 cause of cervical cancer in women • There are many different types. 30 are sexually transmitted. • Bumps on penis, vagina, anus • Vaginal discharge • Itching • Bleeding • Sometimes very little symptoms at all. Genital warts • Laser therapy • Freezing • Prescription creams-although not always recommended due to sensitive areas. • Vaccination-Gardisil – 3 shots over a 6 month period • No, not curable • In some cases the immune system will clear the virus without treatment but not all and symptoms will persist with out warning. NGU nongonococcal urethritis • Most commonly found in men infected with Chlamydia • Inflammation of the urethra • Bacteria • Burning when urinating • Discharge from penis • Mild flu like symptoms may appear NGU • Antibiotics • Should be tested for Chlamydia and gonorrhea • Yes, very curable Pubic Lice aka: crabs • Insect-lite brown and the size of a pin head. • Looks like small crabs • Easily spread in confined areas • Sharing of clothing, towels etc. • Bed linens • Feed on blood • 1 million cases/yr. • Can be found in hair/eye lashes/pubic hair. • Intense Itching-can lead to a skin infection. • Visible nits “Crabs” • OTC lotions, creams, shampoos. • Prescription lice medicines • Yes Dark brown spots are lice Scabies • Insect/parasite-burrows into the skin to lay eggs. • Warm moist areas. • Hands & fingers abdomen, buttocks, thigh, genital area, creases and folds of skin navel & nipples. Burrowing in the skin. “tracks” • Itching-most severe at night and while bathing. • Visible burrows • Red bumps, rash in effected area. • Zig zag grayish lines under the skin. • Secondary infection: – Cracks in skin – Bacterial infection – Pus filled lesions Scabies mite Scabies • Prescription medicines are used to treat. • These are lotions that contain Lindane. • Mites cannot live without a host • Yes, it is curable • More susceptible if a repeat infestation. • Wash clothing and bedding. Scabies infection on the hand Hepatitis B • HBV Virus • Affects the liver • Most likely to be sexually transmitted. • Can live for a full week outside the body • Affects people 20-50 yrs of age especially: – Multiple sex partners – Male/male sex – Sharing of needles • Drug use • Tattoo parlors – Mother to baby • • • • • • • • • Fatigue Nausea Fever loss of appetite Stomach pain Diarrhea Dark yellow urine Jaundice Stool is pale yellow Joint pain Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B • Vaccinations to prevent-3 booster shots • No cure • There are no medications for acute hep B to chronic. Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus • • • • • 1978 was the 1st diagnosis Infection of the immune system Virus AIDS-acquired immuno deficiency syndrome Having a previous STD greatly enhances the likelihood of HIV infection. • • • • • • • • • • Lack of energy/fatigue Weight loss Fever Severe vaginal infection Skin rashes Dizziness Swollen lymph gland Lesions on the tongue PID Individuals can have the virus but never show any symptoms for as long as 10 yrs. or more. Close up of the aids virus HIV/AIDS • Anti-retro viral drugs • No cure • Drug Cocktails Complications • AZT of aids are tumors in the eye. Vaginitis-Trichomoniasis • Protozoa-one celled organism • Inflammation of the vagina and the urethra in both males and females. Trich. protozoa • Itching • Greenish/yellow discharge • Odor • Pain when urinating • Symptoms may not appear in males. “Trick” • Antibiotics • Yes • Treatment must be for both/all partners. Vaginal discharge as a result of trichomoniasis Candidiasis • Fungus • “Thrush” • Can be found in the mouth as well. • Itching • White discharge (cottage cheese) • Pain when urinating • White blotchy spots in the mouth. Thrush inside the mouth Candidiasis • Antibiotics • Antifungal creams Vaginal candidiasis • Yes Chancroid • Bacteria • Symptoms appear 3-5 days to 2 weeks after contact • Over 4,000 young adults are diagnosed annually. Chancroid bacterium • Raised bumps – Pus filled – Inflammed – Rupture • Lesions appear on penis/vulva • Swollen lymph glands in the groin • Vaginal discharge Chancroid • Antibiotics • In some cases this infection is becoming more resistant to antibiotics • Yes