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VI. Anaerobic Respiration This process occurs when oxygen is NOT available to produce ATP. OR FOR ORGANISMS THAT DON’T NEED AS MUCH ENERGY! A. 2 Stages to ANaerobic CR 1. Glycolysis – 1st stage (same as normal CR) a. Reactant: Glucose b. Products: 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvic acid 2. Fermentation- 2nd stage. occurs instead of Krebs and ETC when NO oxygen is available. B. No oxygen available so: 1. No free NAD+ molecules in the cell 2. Fermentation does NOT produce ATP. (The only ATP from anaerobic respiration is from glycolysis!) A. It changes NADH- to NAD+, so glycolysis can continue. . C. Two types of fermentation: 1. Alcoholic 2. Lactic Acid D. Alcoholic Fermentation 1. Only bacteria and yeast use this 2. Reactants: Pyruvic acid and NADH (from glycolysis) 3. Products: a. alcohol (2 carbon molecule) b. carbon dioxide c. NAD+ 4. EQUATION: pyruvic acid + NADH alcohol +CO2 + NAD+ 5. Used in baking and alcohol industries Yeast Alcoholic Fermentation CO2 bubbles CO2 bubbles make Bread rise and make bubbles in beer E. Lactic Acid Fermentation 1. Takes place in: a. skeletal muscle cells during vigorous exercise i. muscles can’t get oxygen fast enough for aerobic CR ii. creates burning and soreness in muscles during and after exercise. b. In the food industry, bacteria use lactic acid to make: i. dairy products ii. pickled products The NAD+ allows glycolysis to happen again. 4. Reactants: Pyruvic Acid and NADH (from glycolysis) 5. Products: Lactic acid and NAD+ 6. EQUATION: Pyruvic acid + NADH lactic acid + NAD+ Comparing Aerobic CR Anaerobic Fermentation CR Anaerobic Lactic Acid CR Aerobic 1. Cell type- body cells under normal conditions 2. Reactants- glucose and oxygen 3. Products- carbon dioxide and water Energy- 36 ATP’s 4. 3 STAGES: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETC Anaerobic-Alcohol Fermentation 1. Cell type- Bacteria and yeast 2. Reactant- glucose 3. Products- Alcohol, carbon dioxide and NAD+ Energy – 2 ATP- FROM GLYCOLYSIS NOT FERMENTATION 4. 2 STAGES: Glycolysis, Alcoholic fermentation Anaerobic Lactic Acid 1. Cell type- muscle cells when no oxygen available (and bacteria) 2. Reactant- glucose 3. Products- lactic acid and NAD+ Energy – 2ATP – FROM GLYCOLYSIS NOT ERMENTATION! 4. 2 STAGES: Glycolysis, Lactic acid fermentation