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Chapter 11
Preventing
Diseases
Lesson 1
What Causes Disease?
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 disease
A condition that affects the proper
functioning of the body or mind
 communicable
diseases
Diseases that can be spread, such as colds
 noncommunicable Diseases that do not spread
diseases
 pathogen
A microscopic organism that causes
communicable diseases
 viruses
Tiny, nonliving particles that invade and take over
healthy cells
 bacteria
Extremely small single-celled organisms with no
cell nucleus
 protozoa
Single-celled organisms that have a nucleus
 fungi
Primitive single- or many-celled organisms that
cannot make their own food
In this lesson, you will learn to
 identify the two main types of disease.
 recognize four common disease-causing organisms.
 describe how germs spread.
Analyzing a Graphic
Create a concept map
that shows causes of
communicable diseases.
Use this diagram as a guide.
Communicable
Disease
What Is a Disease?
The science of fighting disease has come along way
in the past hundred years.
disease A condition that affects the proper
functioning of the body or mind
Types of Diseases
The two basic categories of diseases are:
Communicable diseases
Noncommunicable disease
communicable diseases Diseases that can be spread
noncommunicable diseases Diseases that do not spread
Germs that Cause Disease
Pathogen is the scientific name for germ.
pathogen A microscopic organism that causes
communicable diseases
Four Classes of Pathogens
Viruses
Bacteria
Protozoa
Fungi
Germs that Cause Disease
Some viruses are harmless and some cause
diseases.
viruses Tiny, nonliving particles that invade and
take over healthy cells
The common cold, the flu, the measles, and AIDS
are examples of diseases caused by viruses.
Germs that Cause Disease
Bacteria is everywhere.
bacteria Extremely small single-celled
organisms with no cell nucleus
Strep throat, Lyme disease, and tooth decay are
examples of disease caused by bacteria.
Germs that Cause Disease
Protozoa can be harmless, but some strains can
cause serious disease.
protozoa Single-celled organisms that
have a nucleus
Malaria is an example of a disease caused by
protozoa.
Germs that Cause Disease
Fungi survive by breaking down other living
organisms and absorbing their nutrients.
fungi Primitive single- or many-celled organisms
that cannot make their own food
Some strains of fungi, such as molds and yeasts
cause disease.
How Germs Are Spread
Direct
Contact
(shaking hands)
Eating or Drinking
Contaminated
Food or Water
Germ
Indirect
Contact
(sneezing)
Contact with
Animals or
Insects
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary Define pathogen. Use the word in a
sentence.
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Recall Name a disease caused by a fungus.
Lesson 1 Review
What I Learned
Identify Name four common disease-causing organisms.
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking Critically
Explain What is the difference between a communicable
disease and a noncommunicable disease?
Lesson 1 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply At lunchtime, Maria offers Victoria a bite of her
sandwich. Victoria remembers that Maria was coughing
and sneezing earlier in the class. Should Victoria accept
the bite of sandwich? Explain your answer.
End of
Chapter 11
Preventing
Diseases
Lesson 1
What Causes Disease?
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 11 Assessment