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Gram-positive Bacteria
Low GC Gram-positives
High GC Gram-positives
Firmicutes
Actinobacteria
- Non-sporulating
(Lactiv Acid bacteria)
- Non-filamentous group I
(Corynebacterium)
- Sporulating
(Bacillus,
Clostridium)
- Non-filamentous group II
(Mycobacterium)
- Cell-wall less
(mycoplasmas)
- Filamentous
(Actinomycetes,
Streptomyces)
Sarcina sp.
Sarcina sp.
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus pyoderma.
Staphylococcus pyoderma.
Generalized Staphylococcus aureus skin infection.
Greasy pig disease; exudative dermatitis
(Staphylococcus hyicus)
BAP beta-hemolysis streptococci.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus
pyogenes.
Streptococcus
pyogenes.
Cellulitis Streptococcus pyogenes.
Streptococcus pyogenes cellulitis.
Impetigo:
Streptococcus pyogenes.
Necrotizing fasciitis (48 hours): Streptococcus pyogenes.
Cellulitis: This is a term for rapidly spreading acute inflammation through
subcutaneous tissue by way of lymphatics, as seen in this boy at autopsy. Note the
"rubor" (redness) and "tumor" (edema) of the skin. A drain was inserted in an attempt
to alleviate the pressure from the edema. Cellulitis is often caused by streptococcal
microorganisms
Streptococcus pyogenes:
Necrotising fasciitis.
Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Streptococcus
pneumoniae.
Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Streptococccus pneumoniae.
Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis (necropsy).
Streptococcus pneumoniae periorbital cellulitis.
Blood smear of patient with Streptococcus
pneumoniae infection (bacteremia).
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus agalactiae
Strangles:
Streptococcus
equi.
Streptococcus equi.
Streptococcus faecalis.
Streptococcus faecalis.
Streptococcus faecalis.
Lactobacillus sp.
Lactobacillus sp.
Listeria monocytogenes.
Listeria monocytogenes
39 month-old baby with
listeriosis:
hepatosplenomegalie,
monocytosis, and fever,
Bovine listeriosis (circling
disease) often occurs with
brain abscess resulting in
blindness and neurological
dysfunction.
Bovine listeriosis (circling disease) often occurs with brain abscess
resulting in blindness and neurological dysfunction. Note abscess in
brain shown at arrow.
Listeria monocytogenes.
Erysipelothrix sp.
Erysipelothrix
rhusiopathiae.
Diamond-skin diseases
erysipeloid
Gram-positive Bacteria
Low GC Gram-positives
High GC Gram-positives
- Non-sporulating
(Lactiv Acid bacteria)
- Non-filamentous group I
(Corynebacterium)
- Sporulating
(Bacillus,
Clostridium)
- Non-filamentous group II
(Mycobacterium)
- Cell-wall less
(mycoplasmas)
- Filamentous
(Actinomycetes,
Streptomyces)
Bacillus sp.
Bacillus sp.
Bacillus sp.
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis
Cutaneous anthrax.
Cutaneous anthrax
Cutaneous anthrax.
Bacillus thuringiensis
Bacillus thuringiensis
Spore
Parasporal
body
Bacillus thuringiensis.
Bacillus thuringiensis
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium sp.
Gas gangrene
Gas gangrene
Gas gangrene
Gas gangrene
Gas gangrene
Gas gangrene
Clostridium botulinum.
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium Botulinum
Botulism
Botulism
Western duck disease
Limberneck
The halter and vial of Botulinum antitoxin came from First Flight, a 1,200-pound
thoroughbred that, fter being injected by U.S. Army researchers with inactivated toxins to
stimulate his immune system, became, in 1990, the world's only known source of antitoxin
against all known types of the neurotoxin that causes botulism.
Clostridium tetani.
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium tetani
Tetanus.
Tetanus: opisthotonus
Tetan opisthotonus
Tetanus: lockjaw
(risus sardonicus)
Lockjaw (risus sardonicus)
Tetanus.
Typical poise of the tail by the horse
with tetanus
Horse with tetanus:
breathing with dilated
nostrils
Clostridium perfringens.
Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficile
Pseudomembranous Colitis: Pseudomembranous inflammation occurs when an
epithelial surface (usually mucosa) becomes destroyed. The ensuing acute
inflammatory response produces a fibrinopurulent exudate as the body attempts to
cover the wound with a substitute (pseudo) membrane. Pseudomembranous colitis is
usually the result of clostridium difficile infection following heavy antibiotic therapy that
destroys normal bowel flora, allowing the clostridium to proliferate. Note the normal
reddish-brown bowel mucosa in the lower right corner for comparison.
Heliobacteria:
Heliophilum fasciatum.
Heliobacter gestii
Gram-positive Bacteria
Low GC Gram-positives
High GC Gram-positives
- Non-sporulating
(Lactiv Acid bacteria)
- Non-filamentous group I
(Corynebacterium)
- Sporulating
(Bacillus,
Clostridium)
- Non-filamentous group II
(Mycobacterium)
- Cell-wall less
(mycoplasmas)
- Filamentous
(Actinomycetes,
Streptomyces)
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma-infected cell culture.
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma.
Mycoplasma
pneumonia
Spiroplasma sp.
Spiroplasma sp.
Gram-positive Bacteria
Low GC Gram-positives
High GC Gram-positives
- Non-sporulating
(Lactiv Acid bacteria)
- Non-filamentous group I
(Corynebacterium)
- Sporulating
(Bacillus,
Clostridium)
- Non-filamentous group II
(Mycobacterium)
- Cell-wall less
(mycoplasmas)
- Filamentous
(Actinomycetes,
Streptomyces)
Corynebacterium diphteriae
Corynebacterium diphteriae
Corynebacterium diphteriae
Corynebacterium diphteriae.
Corynebacterium diphteriae.
Corynebacterium
diphtheriae pharyngitis.
Note the
pseudomembrane at
back of the throat.
Diphterie.
Diphterie: bull neck (swelling of
lymphnodes)
Corynebacterium diphteriae.
"Difterie" gemaakt door een volgeling van Goya, 18021812.
Propionibacterium sp.
Arthrobacter sp.
Gram-positive Bacteria
Low GC Gram-positives
High GC Gram-positives
- Non-sporulating
(Lactiv Acid bacteria)
- Non-filamentous group I
(Corynebacterium)
- Sporulating
(Bacillus,
Clostridium)
- Non-filamentous group II
(Mycobacterium)
- Cell-wall less
(mycoplasmas)
- Filamentous
(Actinomycetes,
Streptomyces)
Mycobacterium
phlei.
Mycobacterial sp.
Mycobacterium tuberculosus.
Mycobacterium avium AIDS
Gram-positive Bacteria
Low GC Gram-positives
High GC Gram-positives
- Non-sporulating
(Lactiv Acid bacteria)
- Non-filamentous group I
(Corynebacterium)
- Sporulating
(Bacillus,
Clostridium)
- Non-filamentous group II
(Mycobacterium)
- Cell-wall less
(mycoplasmas)
- Filamentous
(Actinomycetes,
Streptomyces)
Nocardia sp.
Actinomyces sp.
Streptomyces sp.
Streptomyces sp.
Streptomyces sp.
Streptomyces sp.
Streptomyces sp.