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Fungi Notes 1. What are Fungi? A. Three shared characteristics of most fungi: 1. eukaryotes 2. use spores to reproduce 3. heterotrophs B. Thriving conditions 1. moist 2. warm Fungi Notes 2. Cell Structure A. Hyphae (exception of yeast!) 1. branching, threadlike tubes (bodies of multicellular) 2. substances move quickly and freely B. Appearance of Hyphae 1. loosely tangled (like mold or underground for mushroom) 2. packed tightly (fruiting body of mushroom) Fungi Notes 3. How do Fungi get food? A. Hyphae 1. grow into food source 2. digestive chemicals (enzymes) break down food into small substances that can be absorbed B. Sources 1. dead, decaying organisms (saprophytic) 2. living organisms (parasitic) Fungi Notes 4. Reproduction of Fungi A. Asexual reproduction (most common) 1. grow fruiting bodies that release spores 2. budding B. Sexual reproduction 1. hyphae of two fungi grow together 2. new structure produces spores Fungi Notes 5. Fungi & the Living World A. Environmental recycling (many break down dead organisms for food) B. Food and Fungi 1. bread 2. cheese (mold) 3. mushrooms 4. wine Fungi Notes 5. Fungi & the Living World C. Disease-causing fungi 1. crop losses 2. athlete’s foot 3. ringworm D. Disease-fighting fungi 1. mold (penicillin) is an antibiotic Fungi Notes 5. Fungi & the Living World E. Fungus-plant root associations 1. hyphae help plant roots take up nutrients F. Lichens 1. mutualistic relationship between fungus & algae or autotrophic bacteria 2. Fred Fungus and Alice Algae got to “liken” (lichen) each other!