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Endosymbiosis
Evidence of Symbiosis
• Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA, which is
fairly different from that of the cell nucleus, and that is similar
to that of bacteria (circular and smaller).
• They are surrounded by two or more membranes, and the
innermost of these shows differences in composition
compared to the other membranes in the cell. The composition
is like that of a prokaryotic cell membrane.
• New mitochondria and chloroplasts are formed only through a
process similar to binary fission.
• Much of the internal structure and biochemistry of
chloroplasts, for instance the presence of thylakoids and
particular chlorophylls, is very similar to that of cyanobacteria.
• The size of both organelles is comparable to bacteria.
• These organelle's ribosomes are like those found in bacteria
(70s).