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Humans and the Microbial World Chapter 1 What is a Microorganism? 1. Definition 2. Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic? 3. Unicellular or Multicellular? What is a Microorganism? 1. Prokaryotic Microbes Bacteria Archaea 2. Eukaryotic microbes Fungi, Algae and Protozoa 3. Viruses???? Microbes and diseases • • Infectious diseases of humans, animals and plants. Food Spoilage • Can -> food poisoning Microbes and Human diseases • Pathogenicity of a microbe Vs. Resistance of the host • Etiological agent Microbes and Human diseases 1. Biological warfare: Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium botulinum 2. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics. -very big concern in modern world 3. Emerging Infectious diseases Ability to infect different Host species ex. Avian flu Microbes and Human life 1. Recycling of chemical elements: N2 fixation 2. Decomposition of organic matter: sewage treatment 3. Bioremediation: Pseudomonas and Bacillus Bioremediation Microbes and Human life 4. Insect pest control: Bacillus thuringensis (insecticide) 5. Food industry: vinegar, wine, beer, cheese, yogurt, bread, pickles Microbes and Human life 6. Genetic Engineering: production of proteins, vaccines, enzymes, growth hormones etc. eg. Insulin 7. Gene therapy: use of viruses to carry replacement for defective gene 8. Genomics How to properly write scientific name of a microorganism Bacillus anthracis Bacillus anthracis: continuous = wrong B. anthracis