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Correlation of
Serum Thymidine Kinase
in the
Prognosis/Treatment of
Cancer
By: Danielle Cervantes

Thymidine Kinase


Dot Blot Assay


An analytical test that determines the specificity and selectivity of a
medical test.
Specificity


Technique similar to Western Blotting that involves separating
proteins by spotting through a circular template directly onto the cell
membrane.
Receiver Operating Characteristic


A transferase enzyme that catalyzes phosphorylation of drugs into a
form that will be active against viruses.
Odds that a test will be negative in the absence of a disease
Selectivity

Odds that a test will be positive in the presence of a disease
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma



Is a class of cancers that
affect the white blood
cells
Can be aggressive or
indolent
Estimated New Cases &
Deaths in US in 2010

Cases: 65,540

Deaths: 21,210
cancer.osu.ed
STK1 as a Prognostic Factor


Used in prognosis after chemotherapy treatment
Levels were determined by chemiluminescent
dot-blot assay


Before chemo, and 1 & 28 days after
STK1 levels were analyzed two ways

1) Western blot using an anti-TK1 IgY antibody
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2) Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)
analysis
STK1 as a Prognostic Factor Results
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Mean STK1 levels were much higher in patients
with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma than in healthy
people
Levels decreased until at day 28 the level
corresponded with that of a healthy person
The mean of the STK1 levels was significantly
correlated with the clinical response and 5-year
survival rate
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL)
Assay




labautopedia.or
Designed to detect biological
threats
antigen complexes with 2
antibodies

1) attached to a
magnetic particle

2) modified with a
reporter molecule
Electrode attracts magnetic
particle and the detector emits
light.
Measured light is correlated with
presence of antigen

Complete Response (Complete Remission)


Partial Response (Partial Remission)


Cancer that is not increasing or decreasing in extent/severity
Progressive Disease


Decrease in size of tumor or extent of cancer after treatment
Stable Disease


Disappearance of all signs of cancer after treatment
Cancer that's growing/spreading/getting worse
Metastasis

Process of cancer spreading from first location to another.

Cancer resulting from the spread of the primary tumor
STK1 in Cancer Treatment

Experiment examined significance of STK1 in
clinical settings

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
Monitored 1,247 patients
Concentration of STK1 was determined by ECL
assay

Value was correlated to clinical stage & reaction

Monitored outcome of surgery/multi-drug chemo
Looked at 5 different carcinomas

Lung, esophagus, gastric, head & neck, &
Results

STK1 values correlated with clinical stage in 4 of 5
carcinomas

Levels declined in all tumor groups after treatment
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In CR or PR patients levels decreased or were <2pM

In SD or PD patients levels increased or were >2pM

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Some showed metastasis
Overall STK1 correlates to clinical stages and reactions. It
also monitors effectiveness of therapies in
controlled/routine clinical trials
Overall Results

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STK1 is a good indicator as to the presence of
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients
STK1 is a good indicator of the effectiveness of
treatment of different carcinomas

It is not a good indicator of the effectiveness of
treatment in head & neck carcinomas
Significance of Results

The results of these two studies show that levels of
STK1 can be used as a prognostic and monitoring
factor in cancer. This means that more
invasive/expensive procedures can be omitted in
treatment.
References
"Serum Thymidine Kinase 1 Correlates to Clinical Stages and Clinical
Reactions and Monitors the Outcome of Therapy of 1,247 Cancer Patients
in Routine Clinical Settings."
http://www.cancer.gov
http://www.antibodybeyond.com/applications/dotblot.htm
"Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) Assay."
<www.jpeocbd.osd.mil/packs/DocHandler.ashx?DocID=8597>.
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/non-hodgkin
"Serum Thymidine Kinase 1 Concentration as a Prognostic Factor of
Chemotherapy-treated Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients."
http://www.medcalc.be/manual/roc.php