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Cryoablation
Minimally-Invasive, Non-Surgical Treatment
for Kidney Cancer
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Kidney Cancer
• 52000 new cases per year in the USA
• 75% are incidentally discovered when
patients are examined for other reasons.
Because of utilization of Cat scans,
Ultrasounds and MRIs by Radiologists
• This Incidental detection results in improved
long term survival/cure rate because many
caught early- now70% (40% in 1960’s)
Kidney Cancer in the US
New cases per year
60000
52000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1950
2000
2003
2007
• Treatment options
– Removal of whole kidney
– Removal of tumor and surrounding part of
kidney
– Open surgery vs laparoscopic surgery or
ablation
–Percutaneous ablation
Percutaneous Cryoablation
1. A thin, needle-like, probe is directed from the
skin into the tumor
NO INCISION or SURGERY
Under direct visualization using a CAT scan or
Ultrasound
2. The probe freezes the tumor to lethal sub-zero
temperatures
3. Probe is thawed and removed
4. Under minimal sedation
NO GENERAL ANESTHESIA
Size of Kidney Cancers Treated with
Cryoablation
1-year
<1-year
Number of patients
25
20
15
10
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Size of cancer (centimeters)
10
Percent of kidney cancers completely treated
(Success rate)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1-year follow up
< 1-year follow up
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Cancer Size (centimeters)
9
10
Size (cm)
What happens to the Cancer after treatment?
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
3
6
9
12 months
Before
After
Minimally-Invasive Cryoablation for Kidney Cancer
• Cryoablation can be a curative treatment
option for patients with kidney cancer
4 cm or less-success rate is 97%
* Even patients with larger tumors can
benefit from this procedure especially
those who cannot have general anesthesia
or surgery
* Half of patients go home same day,
the rest after one night’s stay