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Reasoning in Algebra
and Geometry
Vocabulary

Proof


A convincing argument that uses deductive reasoning
Two-Column Proof

Lists each statement on the left and the reason (or justification) is on the right
Properties of Equality
Addition Property
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž + 𝑐 = 𝑏 + 𝑐
Subtraction Property
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž βˆ’ 𝑐 = 𝑏 βˆ’ 𝑐
Multiplication Property
Division Property
Reflexive Property
Symmetric Property
Transitive Property
Substitution Property
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž βˆ™ 𝑐 = 𝑏 βˆ™ 𝑐
π‘Ž 𝑏
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏 π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑐 β‰  0, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› =
𝑐 𝑐
π‘Ž=π‘Ž
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› 𝑏 = π‘Ž
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏, π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑏 = 𝑐, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› π‘Ž = 𝑐
𝐼𝑓 π‘Ž = 𝑏, π‘‘β„Žπ‘’π‘› 𝑏 π‘π‘Žπ‘› π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘π‘™π‘Žπ‘π‘’ π‘Ž 𝑖𝑛 π‘Žπ‘›π‘¦ 𝑒π‘₯π‘π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘ π‘ π‘–π‘œπ‘›
The Distributive Property

π‘Ž 𝑏 + 𝑐 = π‘Žπ‘ + π‘Žπ‘

π‘Ž 𝑏 βˆ’ 𝑐 = π‘Žπ‘ βˆ’ π‘Žπ‘

2 π‘₯+3 =

3 π‘₯βˆ’4 =
Justifying Steps When Solving an
Equation

What is the value of x? Justify each step.

βˆ π΄π‘‚π‘€ π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ βˆ π‘€π‘‚πΆ π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘’ π‘ π‘’π‘π‘π‘™π‘’π‘šπ‘’π‘›π‘‘π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦
(2π‘₯ + 30)
π‘₯
Justifying Steps When Solving an
Equation

Solve 55π‘₯ βˆ’ 3 9π‘₯ + 12 = βˆ’64 and write a reason for each step.
Properties of Congruence
Using Properties of Equality and
Congruence

What is the name of the property of equality or congruence that justifies going from the
first statement to the second?

2π‘₯ + 9 = 19

2x=10

βˆ π‘‚ β‰… βˆ π‘Š π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ βˆ π‘Š β‰… ∠𝐿

βˆ π‘‚ β‰… ∠𝐿

3(x+5)=9

3x+15=9
Fill in the reason that justifies each step
Statement
Reasons
1
π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 = 10
2
2
1
π‘₯ βˆ’ 5 = 10
2
π‘₯ βˆ’ 10 = 20
π‘₯ βˆ’ 30
Fill in the reason that justifies each step
Fill in the reason that justifies each step
Name the property!
Independent Practice-iWork

Reasoning in Algebra and Geometry iWork
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