Download InetSession1

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Exploring the Internet
Session 1
Introduction to the Internet
and World Wide Web
1
Internet Definitions - p. 1
Network - set of hardware and software
components that supports several people
working together and allows sharing of
hardware, software, and information
Internet - a network of networks that allows you
to communicate with people anywhere in the
world as well as access information that you
desire any time of the day or night
2
Internet Definitions (cont.)
Started in the 1960s as a joint project between
education, and government (ARPANET) for
defense purposes.
World Wide Web (WWW) - easy method of
sending text, graphics, and sound has resulted
in explosive growth
Web browser - piece of software needed for
accessing WWW
3
Internet
Today, mostly used for commercial purposes.
Includes many different types of resources. The
one that is most prevalent today is the World
Wide Web (WWW).
Allows millions of people from around the world
to communicate with one another.
Responsible for the fall of the iron curtain
Role in Gulf War
Totalitarian governments despise it
4
Internet Connection
Necessities
Modem or network connection
Internet account
Internet Service Provider (ISP) -university,
AOL, Dave’s World, and so forth
Software Utilities
Browser software
5
Internet Addresses
Account - individual that you are
communicating with
Domain
Lower domain - the name of the organization
where the account can be found
Top domain - the type of organization
6
Internet Addresses
To communicate with someone, you have
to know their Internet address (everything
after “@” is the domain):
[email protected]
This User
(account)
At the computer
named rs6000.cmp
At Illinois State University
An
educational
institution
7
Top Domains - p. 5
.com
.edu
.gov
.mil
.net
.org
commercial or business site
educational site
U.S. government site
U.S. military site
network site
private or non-profit site
8
Proposed Top Domains
.firm
.shop
.web
.arts
.rec
.info
.nom
Businesses or firms
Bus. offering goods for purchase
Web-based Entities
Cultural or entertainment activities
Recreational or entertainment entity
Information services entities
Individual or personal sites
9
Starting an Internet
Session
Obtain communication with your ISP
Login procedure - identifies you to the host
computer
Password - series of characters that verifies
to the computer that you are a valid user
Asterisks may appear as you enter it
Never give your password to anyone
10
Internet Services
Electronic Mail
Usenet/Newsgroups
Listserv
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Telnet
Gopher and Veronica
Internet Relay Chat
World Wide Web
11
E-mail - p. 6
E-mail - ability to send and receive
messages using the computer.
Uses special software designed specifically
for this task
Pine, Elm (UNIX)
Eudora
Exchange
Single or many recipients possible
Flaming
12
E-mail Etiquette - p. 7
 Keep message brief and concise
 Don’t send confidential or embarrassing info.
 Remember, the message belongs to the org.
 Don’t copy unnecessary people
 Don’t use all upper case letters
 Include a salutation and signature line
 You may want to use shorthand (abbreviations) - Table
1.2
 Emoticons help to show how you feel - Table 1.3
 Avoid all gossip or impropriety using E-mail
13
Usenet/Newsgroups - p. 9
Interactive discussions that can occur on
a wide variety o f subjects
Postings are E-mail messages to the
newsgroup
Information is arranged by topic or by
areas of interest
100s of group names/topics are available
14
Usenet/Newsgroups
Selected group names or categories
comp
misc
rec
sci
soc
talk
computers
don’t fit a category
recreational activities or hobbies
scientific areas
social, cultural, and political
discussion forums for politics or
other areas with controversy
15
Listserv
Listserv - consists of all e-mail messages
related to a single topic
A document containing these e-mail
messages is sent to all subscribers
All that is required to access is e-mail
software
Many times listservs are used for
conducting classes
16
Agent - Newsgroup
browser
17
Newsgroup Guidelines
 Review the frequently asked questions (FAQ)
document for that group.
 Review the last two or three weeks of the articles or
postings to get a flavor for the group.
 Spend some time “lurking” examining the group
without posting.
 Be careful with your first postings. If participants
feel you don’t understand elementary items, you
will probably get flamed.
18
File Transfer Protocol p. 13
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - method of
transferring files across the Internet
Can be done with UNIX statements
Can be done with special FTP software
May be built in browser, such as Netscape
or Intrnet Explorer
Many times referred to as anonymous FTP
because most users use anonymous as
their name when requesting files.
19
FTP Client Software Utility
Your System
(where you
want to receive
the files)
Where the files
currently reside
20
Telnet - p. 14
Allows you to communicate directly with
another computer
Unlike FTP, it does not allow you to
download files
Many times used to gain access to other
libraries, get weather forecasts, and so
forth
21
Gopher and Veronica p. 14
Gopher - text-based, menu driven program
that allows you to access, view, and
download files (developed at U. of Minn.)
Precursor to WWW—not used much anymore
Veronica is the search engine for finding files
from multiple gopher sites; analogous to
Yahoo, Excite, … in the WWW.
22
Internet Relay Chat
Permits you to communicate “live” with
other Internet users
Needs special software that can be
downloaded from a number of locations
Requires you to log in to a chat room
Statements that you type are visible to
other participants
23
World Wide Web
(WWW or Web)
Designed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee
Combines text, graphics, sound as a
“packet” of information
Phenomenally rapid growth
Requires the use of a software browser to
interpret the data needed for a site and
then download it to the user and
display/play properly
24
World Wide Web
Terminology
 Web Browser - A piece of software that can
understand and display Web documents (Netscape and
Explorer are two commonly used browsers)
 Home page - The initial Web page Netscape loads
when you start the program
 Uniform Resource Locator - The location of a page
on the World Wide Web
 Web Document - A specially designed file for use on
the Web than can contain text, graphics, sound, and
links to other Web pages.
25
URL Components
Protocol
http: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Host (Server address)
www.cis.usouthal.edu
Resource (file name or full path to file)
Internet.html
http://www.microsoft.com/ie
26
More Web Terminology
 Hyperlinks - “Jumps” to a different location in the
document, a different document on the computer, or a
different computer
 http - Hypertext transfer protocol - the first four letters
in each URL - indicates that the browser can expect
text, graphic, or sound files
 HTML - HyperText Markup Language - the ASCII based
language used to describe a Web page so that it can be
interpreted by the browser software for loading text,
images, or sound files.
 Surfing - Navigating links of Web pages
27
Web Browsers
A number of different kinds of browsers
Netscape
Internet Explorer
Mosaic
Netscape the browser selected by ISU
28
Internet Explorer Screen
Menu bar
Toolbars
Address text box
Document window
Status bar
Scroll bars
Status indicator
29
Web Surfing
Enter an address in the Location box
Click on a link
Pointer turns into a hand with the upraised
index finger to indicate a link
Click the link and that page is loaded
Role of the Forward and Back buttons
Favorites
30
More Surfing
Printing a Web page
Saving pages
Accessing saved pages
Using the Context menu
Saving images
Images are typically GIF and JPG files
31
Other Web Browser Uses
Accessing Search Engines
Search Engine
Types - Pip handout
Search Spiders
Research using the Web
E-Mail
Newsgroups
32
Research Using the
Computer
Searching for information on the Web
Start with a search engine
Success depends on how the search engine
determines sites
Lots of “garbage” on the Web
Searching a library using Telnet or
Browser
33