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Chapter 12 Introduction to the Internet Ruth Watson Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 Objectives (1 of 2) Differentiate between the Internet and the World Wide Web List at least three application protocols from the TCP/IP suite Explain the directory structure of a given URL Explain what IIS is Demonstrate how to install IIS Explain what Internet Services Manager is for Demonstrate how to create a simple web page Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 2 Objectives (2 of 2) Explain the difference between a search engine and a subject guide Describe how web content is indexed Explain the role of a Meta tag Demonstrate how double quotes can help narrow a search Explain what Boolean operators are and list three List at least two clues that can be used to determine the validity of a web site Define portal Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 3 Introduction The Internet and the World Wide Web are not the same The World Wide Web is the multimedia portion of the Internet In 2000 there were more than three million people worldwide using the Internet Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 4 Important Terms to Understand Apache Web Server Browser CERN Circuit switching FTP Gopher HTML HTTP Internet Meta tag Mosaic Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Packet switching Portal Robot Search engine Site map Spider Telnet URL Web Server World Wide Web Yahoo Ruth Watson Chapter 12 5 The Internet A network of networks Began in 1969 No central authority ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) Therefore, impossible to state the precise size The Internet is not free just because you do not pay for it Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 6 The World Wide Web A subset of the Internet consisting of all computers with hypertext or hypermedia documents These documents contain references (links) to other documents which may be on a different computer anywhere in the world Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 7 Internet Protocols TCP/IP: (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) HTTP: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Suite of protocols to allow multiple platforms to communicate Most common protocol used on the Internet for Web pages FTP: (File Transfer Protocol) Allows files to be transferred over the Internet Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 8 How do you get there from here? Uniform Resource Locator (URL) http://www.annex.com/southwest/museum.htm Document Path (Directory or Folder) Internet Address (Web site) Means of access, HyperText Transfer Protocol Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 9 Directory Structures on a Web Server You can guess the URL using the general form: www.company.com Examples: Operating Systems Concepts 1/e www.microsoft.com www.nba.com www.dell.com www.whitehouse.gov www.miami.edu Ruth Watson Chapter 12 10 What Makes a Web Server a Web Server? Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Install Internet Information Services to make your server a Web server Allows you to manage Internet services, such as: FTP SMTP Ruth Watson Chapter 12 11 Become a Webmaster Manage Internet Services Develop Content for the Web Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Set up Web databases Ruth Watson Chapter 12 12 Using HTML Hypertext markup Language Write it, or Use an Editor Does not matter which is used, but you have to know it to fix it! Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 13 HTML Structure <HTML> </HTML> Head: <Head> </Head> Must be at beginning and end of the Web page Includes: Basic document info Other HTML: <Title></Title> <Body BGCOLOR= “Beige”> <H1></H1> <P> Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 14 Finding Resources Effectively: Search Engines A program that systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic Uses a key word or words as a query Several search engines are available Each search engine has its own database No search engine is best Uses Boolean (logical) operators Returns “hits” or documents once search has been submitted Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 15 Search Tips Use the Search button on the Internet Explorer Toolbar Try multiple search engines on one query Be aware of logical operators AND, OR, and NOT Search on a concept: e.g., “first ladies” rather than “Eleanor Roosevelt” Set Bookmarks/Favorites Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 16 Boolean Operators Specify Boolean operators And Or - Includes all findings of both key words - Looks for only one of the specified key words Not - Allows you to exclude certain key words Use multiple search engines Read online help about search criteria used for a particular search engine Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 17 Other Resources Portals Libraries Online Magazines and Journals Miscellaneous Resources Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 18 Summary The Internet is a network of networks URL is located in the Address Box Hypertext and hypermedia contain links to other documents Connect through ISP or LAN Search Engines are the tools to find information Learn to use keywords for searching Use multiple search engines Searches are based on Boolean operators HTML Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 19 Questions? Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 20
