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‘An Introduction to Accessibility’ Presentation Accessibility reviews and training, usable web site design and development www.fishdev.co.uk Please contact us on 0800 756 6404 or at [email protected] for a no obligation discussion of your web accessibility development or training requirements. www.fishdev.co.uk What is web accessibility? • Allowing people with disabilities to be able to use Web sites more easily • Disabilities can include: – Visual – blindness, or short sightedness – Physical – Auditory • Guidance and standards on web accessibility by the Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C) – Headed by Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web www.fishdev.co.uk Who are affected? • Millions of people have disabilities that affect their use of the Web. – There are 8.6 million registered disabled people in the UK - 14% of the population – Two million UK residents have a sight disability - 4% of the population – One in 12 men and one in 200 women have some form of colour blindness - 9% of the UK population www.fishdev.co.uk Why invest in an Accessible site? • Financial gains and cost savings from increased potential market share, search engine findability, and increased usability • Reducing risk of legal action resulting in high legal expenses and negative image • The public relations benefits of demonstrating social responsibility • Accessible web sites also benefits people without disabilities www.fishdev.co.uk Off line disability aids • Disabilities are lessened by the following: • Vision – Large print books, braille • Mobility – Lifts, ramps on buses, etc • Hearing – Closed captioning for films, sign language www.fishdev.co.uk On line disability aids • disabilities are lessened by the following: • VISION – Visually-impaired: use browser features to make font sizes larger or use screen magnification tools – Blind: screen readers, dynamic Braille printers – Color-blind: disable style sheets to force usable color preferences for text colors and page backgrounds • MOBILITY – Can’t use mouse – keyboard only - tab • HEARING – Textual descriptions or subtitles for video and audio www.fishdev.co.uk Visual accessibility demonstration • Short sighted people may need to increase the text size on their web pages • Colour blind people turn off style sheets • Blind people use screen readers to interpret web pages www.fishdev.co.uk Mobility demonstration • May not be able to use mouse - keyboard only. • Navigation using tab • Access keys • Alternatives to JavaScript needed. what if JavaScript is turned off? Use noscript html tag! www.fishdev.co.uk Making your web site accessible • To meet the minimum standards (A) you should: • Use resizable font sizes – relative not absolute • provide alternatives to: – – – – Images - in the form of ALT text and LONGDESC JavaScript - through the <noscript> tag Flash – provide HTML equivalents Audio & video - using subtitles or written transcripts • With hypertext links, use text that makes sense when read out of context. • Page structure - Order headings logically, don’t use styles for headings. www.fishdev.co.uk What next? • Run accessibility checker of your site: – http://webxact.watchfire.com/ - you should aim to be at least W3C A compliant, ideally W3C AA • Keep up to date with developments in accessibility best practice at W3C’s Web Accessibility Initiative at http://www.w3.org/WAI/ • Contact www.fishdev.co.uk www.fishdev.co.uk Accessibility challenge! www.fishdev.co.uk Question 1 • Which international organization develops strategies, guidelines, and resources to help make the Web accessible to people with disabilities and who is it headed up by? • The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), headed up by Tim Berners-Lee www.fishdev.co.uk Question 2 • How many people in the UK are registered disabled? • 8.6 million, or 14% of the population www.fishdev.co.uk Question 3 • Give an example of a navigation feature that someone who cannot use a mouse would have trouble using on a web page and which HTML tag would you use to provide an alternative? – Roll over/dropdown menus using Javascript. – The Noscript tag should be used here. www.fishdev.co.uk Question 4 • How would a colour blind person make a web site with colours they cannot see readable, and what site structure makes this possible? – Turn off style sheets in windows. – Use CSS in web design to separate content from design pages www.fishdev.co.uk Question 5 • What are the three levels of W3C accessibility compliance? –A – AA – AAA www.fishdev.co.uk