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Chapter Three
Using The Internet
Authors: Dr. Ahmad Dalala Mohammad AlZou'bi Ahmad Abusalama Khaled Dijani
Prepared by: Marwan Ammous and Mahmoud Al-Sakhnini
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In This Chapter
 INTERNET TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS
 USING INTERNET EXPLORER
 SEARCHING THE WEB
 CUSTOMIZING INTERNET EXPLORER
 SECURITY ISSUES
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1. INTERNET TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS
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Web Browser
 A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and
traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. A web
browser can also be defined as an application software or program
designed to enable users to access, retrieve and view documents and
other resources on the Internet.
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Web Browser Cont.
 The major web browser (in Windows O.S.) are MS Internet
Explorer,
 Others such as:
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1.
Firefox
2.
Google Chrome
3.
Safari
4.
Opera
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URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
 In computing, a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a Uniform
Resource Identifier (URI) that specifies where a known resource is
available and the mechanism for retrieving it. For example the
“http://www.microsoft.com/msoffice.html” specifies the URL for
Microsoft website.
 The ULR structure:
 (http://) is the Service or the Protocol that used for retrieving the
requested webpage.
 (www.microsoft.com) is the Host which is the address of the server
holding the requested webpage.
 (msoffice.html) is the Folder or File Structure which represents the
file structure of the requested page on the server.
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Other Examples of URL’s
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Hyperlinks
 Hyperlink is an element (text, icon, image…) in a webpage that
links to another place in the same webpage or to an entirely
different webpage.
 Hyperlinks
 Note1: the color of hyperlink text is blue color.
 Note2: When you move the mouse pointer over
 a hyperlink it will change to the hand shape.
example
 Clicking the hyperlink will open that link.
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ISP (Internet Service Provider)
 An Internet service provider (ISP) is a company that provides
access to the Internet. ISPs connect customers to the Internet
using copper, wireless or fiber connections.
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Website and Webpage
 A website, also written Web site, web site, or simply site, is a collection
of related web pages containing images, videos or other digital assets. A
website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network
such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet
address (URL).
 A web page is a document, typically written in plain text interspersed
with formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup Language or
extensible Hypertext Markup Language(HTML, XHTML). A web page
may incorporate elements from other websites with suitable markup
anchors
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2. USING INTERNET EXPLORER
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Starting The Microsoft Internet Explorer
Program
 When the Internet Explorer opens it will open the Home Page site. A
home page is the default webpage that the explorer is set to display. In
the previous picture you can see that the www.google.com is the
home page.
 To open a website, type the website URL in the Address Bar text box
then press Enter key.You will see that the explorer starts loading the
requested web site.
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Back And Forward Buttons
 While you navigating the web, the explorer keep the visited web
pages to easily back and forward between them. The Back button
allows you to back to the last visited webpage. The forward button
allows you to go to the next page you have visited.
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Opening Hyperlinks
 Clicking a hyperlink will normally open that link in the same explorer
window. To force the explorer to open a hyperlink in a new window
there are two ways:
 Right click on the hyperlink and from the popup menu choose
Open in New Window.
 Hold down the Shift key and click the hyperlink.
 To open the hyperlink in a new tab –within the same opened copy of
the explorer- right click on the hyperlink and choose Open in New
Tab.
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Stop and Refresh Buttons
 To stop loading (opening) a webpage click on the Stop button.You
may need to stop loading a webpage because it is too heavy or you
changed your mind and want to open another one.
 Sometimes you may need to refresh (reload) a webpage. For
example, you need to refresh a news webpage periodically to see
what new. To refresh a webpage, click on the Refresh button.You
can also press F5 key to refresh a webpage.
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Saving Pictures As Files From Webpage
 To save a picture from a webpage as a file:
 Right click on the picture.
 From the popup menu choose Save Picture As.
 Specify the file location.
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Downloading Files From A Web Page
 Some of the hyperlinks are created to allow you download files
instead of navigating the web. File downloading is the process of
copying a file from the internet to your computer, a file maybe a
document, excel file, image etc.
 To download a file from a hyperlink:
 Right click on the hyperlink.
 From the popup menu choose Save Target As.
 Now you have to set where you want to save the file.
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DOWNLOAD APPLICATION
To download any application software , you can use the hyper link to download
after navigating it on the web, you must to set where you want to save your file.

 for example download games , internet browsers ,etc…
 Download application example
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3. SEARCHING THE WEB
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Search Engines
 A web search engine is designed to search for information on the
World Wide Web and file transfer protocol (FTP) servers. The search
results are generally presented in a list of results and are often called
hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information
and other types of files.
 Google, Bing and Yahoo are some of the most common search engines.
 To search the web for specific information you can visit one of the
search engine websites such as Google and Bing. In these search
engine websites you will find a text box in which you have to type the
keywords related to your search.
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Example
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Searching Using The Address Bar
 You can use the Address Bar for searching the web. Click within the
address bar and type “Find” followed by the search query. For example
“Find MS Office”.
 After typing the search query in the address bar you may press Enter
to search using the default search engine –which is Bing in the
previous example- or click one of the available search engines.
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Using Keywords And Phrases
 To get the best results from the search engine you have to choose
unique keywords that directly relate to what you searching for. Also,
you should not use a single word as a search query; doing so will
retrieve a large number of irrelevant results. For example it is better
to search for “mini computers” than searching for “computers”.
 When you search for “mini computers” the search engine will retrieve
any web page contains “mini”, “computers” or “mini computers”. That
means a large number of irrelevant results. To go around this problem
you have to use the + symbol between your keywords. In this case the
search engine retrieves only the pages containing all of your
keywords.
 To force the search engine to retrieve the web pages that contains the
exact search query, you have to enclose the search query between
double quotations (“ ”).
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Searching By Date Or File Format
 Some of the search engines allow you to search the web according to
the date of the file or the file type. For example:
 Open the Google search engine website.
 Click on the Advanced Search link. This will open the Google
advanced search webpage.
 From the advanced Google search you can specify the date and file
format for the retrieved results.
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4. CUSTOMIZING INTERNET EXPLORER
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Setting Your Home Page
 To set the Home Page for the Internet explorer:
 Click the Tools menu from the menu bar and click Internet Options.
 This will open the Internet Options dialog box. Now type the required home
page URL and click Ok.
 You can use a blank page as a home page by clicking Use blank button.
 You can use the current opened page as a home page by clicking Use current
button.
 You can use the default home page as a home page by clicking Use default button.
The default home page is a link for the MS website.
 You can set multiple home pages by typing their URLs separated by new line.
Current webpage, use blank
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Setting your home page (cont…)
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Visiting The Home Page
 To open the home page at any time while you navigating the
web click the Home icon existed in the command bar.You
can also press Alt + M to open the home page.
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History Folder
 Internet Explorer keeps a log of the visited
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pages in the history folder. To view the
history folder content click on the view
history icon.You can delete a history item
by right clicking on it and choosing
Delete.
 To delete the entire history:
 Open the Internet Options dialog box.
 Click the Delete button existed in the
Browsing History group.
 The Delete Browsing History dialog box
displayed.
 Check the History check box and click
the Delete button.
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Revisiting Web Pages Via The Address Bar
 When you click the down arrow to the right of the address
bar a list of the recently visited websites appeared. Click on
any website to revisit it.
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Internet Cache
 Internet cache also known as "Temporary Internet Files" is used to
help improve browsing speed. In most cases, each time a web page is
opened, a copy of its content (text and images) is sent to your
browser's temporary cache on your hard disk drive. If that page is
accessed again and has not been modified, the browser will open the
page from your cache instead of downloading the page again.
 To delete the cache files:
 Open the Internet Options dialog box.
 Click the Delete button existed in the Browsing History group.
 The Delete Browsing History dialog box displayed.
 Check the Temporary Internet Files check box and click the Delete
button
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Adding A Web Page To Your Favorites
 Internet Explorer allows you to save links to
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web pages as Favorites or Bookmarks, making
it easy to revisit these pages at a later time.
These pages can be stored in sub-folders,
letting you organize your saved favorites just
the way you want them.
 To add a webpage to the favorite list:
 Open the required webpage.
 From the Favorite menu click Add to
Favorite.
 The Add to Favorite dialog box displayed.
Set the favorite name and click Add button.
 To open the favorite list, click on the Favorite
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5. SECURITY ISSUES
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Submitting Web Based Forms
 In many cases you need to fill a web forms especially when you want
to register with some websites. A web form looks like this:
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Secure Web Sites And Https
 A secure web site uses encryption and authentication
standards to protect the confidentiality of web transactions.
When you enter a secured websites you will see a padlock
icon to the right of the address bar. If you don’t see the
padlock icon don’t enter any valuable information to that
site. Not Secure Secure
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POP-UP WINDOWS
 Pop-up ads or pop-ups are a form of online advertising on the
World Wide Web intended to attract web traffic or capture email
addresses. Pop-ups are generally new web browser windows to
display advertisements. The pop-up window containing an
advertisement is usually generated by JavaScript, but can be
generated by other means as well.
 Pop-Ups are annoying mini windows or messages appeared
automatically when you visited certain websites. Pop-Ups used
especially for marketing.
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Example of pop-up window
Pop-up window
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Pop-up window
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Pop-Up Blocking
 To block the pup-up windows,
from the Tools menu select
internet options,then select privacy tab,
, now from the Pop-up Blocker tool,
you can turn the blocker on or off.
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Cookies
 Cookie is a message given to a Web browser by a Web server. The
browser stores the message in a text file. The message is then sent back
to the server each time the browser requests a page from the server.
 The main purpose of cookies is to identify users and possibly prepare
customized Web pages for them.
 You can enable or disable cookies in Internet Explorer from the Privacy
tab in the Internet Options dialog box.
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