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Tutorial 9 Creating Frames INTRODUCTORY Objectives • • • • • XP Decide when to use frames for a Web site Learn the components of framesets Create a frameset document Size frameset windows Target individual frame windows New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 2 Objectives • • • • XP Identify the purpose of inline frames Create an inline frame Target an inline frame window Use the meta tag to create a slide show New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 3 Using Frames on a Web Page XP • Frames divide a Web page into several windows called frames – Each frame allows you to see a different Web page in the same browser window • To create frames, you first need to create a frameset document • Frames are similar to tables in that frames establish rows and columns • The frameset document uses the <frameset> </frameset> tags New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 4 Creating a Row Frameset XP • To create a rows frameset, enter the following code: <frameset rows="value1, value2, ..."></frameset> where value1 is the height of the first row, value2 is the height of the second row, and so forth. The values should be expressed as a percentage • Optionally, use the (*) wildcard character as the last value or if the rows will be of equal height New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 5 Creating Frames XP • To create frames, enter the following code: <frame src="filename.htm" name="framename" /> where filename is the name of the file that will be displayed in the frame and framename is the name of the frame New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 6 Creating Frames New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 7 Creating a Column Frameset XP • To create a columns frameset, enter the following code: <frameset cols="value1, value2, etc."></frameset> where value1 is the width of the first column, and value2 is the width of the second column, and so forth. The values should be expressed as a percentage • Optionally, use the (*) wildcard character as the last value or if the columns will be of equal width New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 8 Creating a Column Frameset New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 9 Opening a Document in a Specific Frame XP • By default, a link in a frameset document will open in the same frame • Use the target attribute in the <a> tag – The target attribute should be set to the name of the frame in which you wish to open the Web page New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 10 Using Magic Targets XP • Magic targets have special meanings in HTML – _top – _blank – _self • The base tag automates the process of targeting links New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 11 Controlling Scrollbars and the Frame Size XP • To control the appearance of scrollbars and the size of a frame, enter the following code: <frame src="filename.htm" scrolling="scroll_value" noresize="noresize" /> where scroll_value is either auto, yes, or no, and noresize has a value of noresize to disable screen resizing. New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 12 Controlling Scrollbars and the Frame Size New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 13 The border Attribute XP • Eliminating borders creates a less cluttered look to the screen – Seamless frames New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 14 Controlling the Frame Height and Width XP • To control the height and width of a frame, enter the following code: <frame src="filename" marginheight="value" marginwidth="value2" /> where value is the height of the frame in pixels and value2 is the width of the frame in pixels New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 15 Controlling the Frame Height and Width New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 16 Frameset Attributes and Values New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 17 Frameset Attributes and Values New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 18 Frameset Attributes and Values New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 19 Creating Inline Frames XP • Inline frames create a frame window within a document without your having to create a frameset • To create an inline frame, enter the following code: <iframe src="filename" name="target_name"> </iframe> where filename is the name of the file that will initially be displayed in the inline frames window and target_name is the name of the inline frames window New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 20 Creating Inline Frames New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 21 Document Type Definitions New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 22 Using the meta Tag to Create a Slide Show XP • To create a slide show, enter the following code: <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="number_seconds; url=filename"> where number_seconds is the number of seconds you want as the interval until the next file is displayed and filename is the name of the next file to be displayed in the slide show New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS 23 The Future of Frames New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 24 The iframe Attributes New Perspectives on Blended HTML, XHTML, and CSS XP 25