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IT’S THURSDAY… Identify the following 1. Demand 2. Law of demand 3. Demand schedule 4. Market demand schedule 5. Demand curve 6. Substitution effect 7. Income effect Remember: In a market, buyers demand goods, sellers supply those goods, and the interactions between the 2 groups lead to an agreement on the price & quantity of trade. DEMAND Demand • The desire to own something AND the ability to pay for it PRICE As prices go down… • Law of Demand – when a good’s price is lower, consumers will buy more of it – when the price is higher, consumers buy less DEMAND Quantity demanded goes up • Law of demand is a result of 2 behavior patterns – Substitution effect: consume less of one good and more of a substitute good • Ex: if price of pizza goes up replace it with an alternative like a taco – Income effect: change in consumption resulting from a change in real income • Ex: if the price of pizza goes up but you don’t increase buying of a replacement Demand = 2 behaviors Demand Schedule • Individual Demand Schedule: Table that lists the quantity of a good that a person will purchase at each price in a market • Market Demand Schedule: shows the quantities demanded at each price by all consumers in the market (looks like individual with same prices but with larger quantities demanded) Limits of a Demand Curve • Only accurate for one very specific set of market conditions • Based on fact that all other factors are held constant • Demand curves can shift because of changes in factors other than price ALL DEMAND SCHEDULES & CURVES REFLECT THE LAW OF DEMAND!!! (higher prices, less demand) Ceteris paribus • “all other things held constant” • Only taking into account the price of an item • Not looking at the other factors that would change demand (ex: a change in quality) Changes in Demand • When we drop the ceteris paribus rule and allow other factors to change, we no longer move along the demand curve • Instead, the entire demand curve shifts • A shift in the demand curve means that at every price, consumers buy a different quantity than before • The shift = change in demand What causes a shift? • Income: – when income increases, demand for normal goods increase (curve shifts right) – When income increases, demand for inferior goods decreases (curve shifts left) • Consumer expectations • Population: if population increases demand for houses would increase; baby boom generation • Consumer tastes & Advertising Prices of Related Goods • The demand curve for one good can be affected by a change in the demand for another good. • Complements: hot dogs and hot dog buns • Substitutes: skis and snowboards Draw a Demand Curve Price Quantity Demanded $1.00 250 $2.00 200 $3.00 150 $4.00 100 $5.00 50 1.Draw a demand curve using the information from the demand schedule. 2.Draw and label a new curve resulting from an increase in demand. 3.Draw and label a new curve resulting from a decrease in demand.