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Agenda
• Review
–
–
–
–
Monaghan & Just
Podolefsky & Brown
Films
Mapping
M&J
M&J
• By this point we have a good understanding
of the first half of our Introductory text.
M&J
• By this point we have a good understanding
of the first half of our Introductory text.
• Chapter One focused on the primary
method of cultural anthropologists.
M&J
• By this point we have a good understanding
of the first half of our Introductory text.
• Chapter One focused on the primary
method of cultural anthropologists.
• Chapter Two focused on culture.
M&J
• By this point we have a good understanding
of the first half of our Introductory text.
• Chapter One focused on the primary
method of cultural anthropologists.
• Chapter Two focused on culture.
• Chapter Three focused on society.
M&J
M&J
• We discussed definitions of key vocabulary.
M&J
• We discussed definitions of key vocabulary.
• We applied our knowledge of these terms
by identifying and discussing examples
from the film, “Promises.”
M&J
• We discussed definitions of key vocabulary.
• We applied our knowledge of these terms
by identifying and discussing examples
from the film, “Promises.”
• I will quickly run through these terms for
the sake of review… because we have
already discussed them in some detail, you
should save your questions for office hours.
fieldwork
fieldwork
• The hallmark of research in cultural
anthropology, it usually involves long-term
residence with the people being studied.
ethnography
ethnography
• The intensive and systematic description of
a particular society; ethnographic
information is usually collected through the
method of long-term participant-observation
fieldwork.
colonialism
colonialism
• The political, social, economic, and cultural
domination of a territory and its people by a
foreign power for an extended time.
participant observation
participant observation
• The primary research method of cultural
anthropology, involving long-term
observations conducted in natural settings.
serendipitous discovery
serendipitous discovery
• Unexpected, unplanned discovery.
serendipitous discovery
• Unexpected, unplanned discovery.
• See Monaghan & Just, p. 19 for details.
methodological, ethical,
epistemological issues
methodological, ethical,
epistemological issues
• The ethnographic method contains many
potential pitfalls.
methodological, ethical,
epistemological issues
• The ethnographic method contains many
potential pitfalls.
• Some of these pitfalls are epistemological in
nature, and some are ethical in nature.
methodological, ethical,
epistemological issues
• The ethnographic method contains many
potential pitfalls.
• Some of these pitfalls are epistemological in
nature, and some are ethical in nature.
• See Monaghan & Just, pp. 25-33 for further
details and specific examples.
ethnocentrism
ethnocentrism
• The assumption that one’s own group’s
lifestyle, values, and patterns of adaptation
are superior to all others.
emic
emic
• The research strategy that focuses on native
explanations and criteria of significance.
etic
etic
• The research strategy that emphasizes the
observer’s rather than the natives’
explanations, categories, and criteria of
significance.
temporal/spatial context
temporal/spatial context
• Historical details that locate an ethnography
within time and space.
temporal/spatial context
• Historical details that locate an ethnography
within time and space.
• See Monaghan & Just, pp. 25-26 for more
details.
temporal/spatial isolation
temporal/spatial isolation
• The lack of temporal/spatial context.
acquired characteristics
acquired characteristics
• Any aspect of an individual that has not
been inherited through biological means.
acquired characteristics
• Any aspect of an individual that has not
been inherited through biological means.
• See Monaghan & Just, pp. 34-35 for further
details, specific examples, and discussion of
the importance of this concept within
cultural anthropology.
psychophysics
psychophysics
• A field of study that focused on the study of
how the characteristics of the observer
determined the perception of physical
phenomena.
psychophysics
• A field of study that focused on the study of
how the characteristics of the observer
determined the perception of physical
phenomena.
• See Monaghan & Just, pp. 36-37.
classification/social
categories/contestation
classification/social
categories/contestation
• Classification is the labeling and valuejudging of different categories.
classification/social
categories/contestation
• Classification is the labeling and valuejudging of different categories.
• Social categories result from the
classification of people within a society.
classification/social
categories/contestation
• Classification is the labeling and valuejudging of different categories.
• Social categories result from the
classification of people within a society.
• Contestation is a means of resisting the
authorities who name the social categories.
classification/social
categories/contestation
• Classification is the labeling and valuejudging of different categories.
• Social categories result from the
classification of people within a society.
• Contestation is a means of resisting the
authorities who name the social categories.
• See Monaghan & Just, pp. 42-43 for details.
ethnic group
ethnic group
• A group of people within larger society with
a distinct cultural or historical identity;
ethnicity is a common mechanism of social
separation in complex, heterogeneous
societies.
manifest function
manifest function
• The reasons that natives offer for a custom.
latent function
latent function
• A custom’s underlying function, often
unperceived by natives.
socialization
socialization
• The development, through the influence of
parents and others, of patterns of thought
and behavior in children that conform to
beliefs and values of a particular culture.
cross-cultural
cross-cultural
• A standard form of anthropological analysis
using the comparison of traditions and
practices from different societies; crosscultural research explores cultural variations
by using ethnographic data from many
societies.
total institution
total institution
• An organization that governs almost every
facet of a person’s life.
total institution
• An organization that governs almost every
facet of a person’s life.
• See Monaghan & Just, pp. 62-63 for details.
dualistic expectations
dualistic expectations
• Preconceived notions that precipitate
categorization of societies or peoples
strictly in terms of binary opposition.
dualistic expectations
• Preconceived notions that precipitate
categorization of societies or peoples
strictly in terms of binary opposition.
• See Monaghan & Just, p. 68.
P&B
P&B
• We have not discussed this text very thoroughly,
but we have already covered the basics for two of
its main themes:
P&B
• We have not discussed this text very thoroughly,
but we have already covered the basics for two of
its main themes:
– Fieldwork
P&B
• We have not discussed this text very thoroughly,
but we have already covered the basics for two of
its main themes:
– Fieldwork
– Culture
P&B
• We have not discussed this text very thoroughly,
but we have already covered the basics for two of
its main themes:
– Fieldwork
– Culture
• What remains to be done is to situate the
individual case studies from the reader within the
framework that we have already created.
Culture & Fieldwork
Culture & Fieldwork
• Body Ritual Among the Nacerima by Horace
Miller
Culture & Fieldwork
• Body Ritual Among the Nacerima by Horace
Miller
• Slumber’s Unexplored Landscape by Bruce Bower
Culture & Fieldwork
• Body Ritual Among the Nacerima by Horace
Miller
• Slumber’s Unexplored Landscape by Bruce Bower
• Tricking and Tripping: Fieldwork on Prostitution
in the Era of AIDS by Claire E. Sterk
Culture & Fieldwork
• Body Ritual Among the Nacerima by Horace
Miller
• Slumber’s Unexplored Landscape by Bruce Bower
• Tricking and Tripping: Fieldwork on Prostitution
in the Era of AIDS by Claire E. Sterk
• Crack in Spanish Harlem by Philippe Bourgois
Culture & Fieldwork
• Body Ritual Among the Nacerima by Horace
Miller
• Slumber’s Unexplored Landscape by Bruce Bower
• Tricking and Tripping: Fieldwork on Prostitution
in the Era of AIDS by Claire E. Sterk
• Crack in Spanish Harlem by Philippe Bourgois
• Corporate Anthropologists by Jennifer J. Laabs
Culture & Communication
Culture & Communication
• Shakespeare in the Bush by Laura Bohannan
Culture & Communication
• Shakespeare in the Bush by Laura Bohannan
• To Give Up on Words: Silence in Western Apache
Culture by Keith H. Basso
Culture & Communication
• Shakespeare in the Bush by Laura Bohannan
• To Give Up on Words: Silence in Western Apache
Culture by Keith H. Basso
• A Cultural Approach to Male-Female
Miscommunication by Daniel N. Maltz and Ruth
Borker
Culture & Communication
• Shakespeare in the Bush by Laura Bohannan
• To Give Up on Words: Silence in Western Apache
Culture by Keith H. Basso
• A Cultural Approach to Male-Female
Miscommunication by Daniel N. Maltz and Ruth
Borker
• Suite for Ebony and Phonics by John R. Rickford
Culture & Food
Culture & Food
• Ancient Bodies, Modern Customs, and Our
Health by Elizabeth D. Whitaker
Culture & Food
• Ancient Bodies, Modern Customs, and Our
Health by Elizabeth D. Whitaker
• Chinese Table Manners: You are How you
Eat by Eugene Cooper
Culture & Food
• Ancient Bodies, Modern Customs, and Our
Health by Elizabeth D. Whitaker
• Chinese Table Manners: You are How you
Eat by Eugene Cooper
• Culture and the Evolution of Obesity by
Peter J. Brown
Culture & Agriculture
Culture & Agriculture
• The Worst Mistake in the History of the Human
Race by Jared Diamond
Culture & Agriculture
• The Worst Mistake in the History of the Human
Race by Jared Diamond
• The Domestication of Wood in Haiti: A Case Study
in Applied Evolution by Gerald F. Murray
Culture & Agriculture
• The Worst Mistake in the History of the Human
Race by Jared Diamond
• The Domestication of Wood in Haiti: A Case Study
in Applied Evolution by Gerald F. Murray
• Two Rights Make a Wrong: Indigenous Peoples
Versus Environmental Protection Agencies by
Richard Reed
Culture & Race
Culture & Race
• Race Without Color by Jared Diamond
Culture & Race
• Race Without Color by Jared Diamond
• Official Statement on Race by the AAA
Culture & Race
• Race Without Color by Jared Diamond
• Official Statement on Race by the AAA
• White Priviledge: Unpacking the Invisible
Knapsack by Peggy McIntosh
Culture & Race
• Race Without Color by Jared Diamond
• Official Statement on Race by the AAA
• White Priviledge: Unpacking the Invisible
Knapsack by Peggy McIntosh
• Of Kwanza, Cinco de Mayo, and
Whispering: The Need for Intercultural
Education by Deborah Freedman Lustig
Films
• Saudi Arabia
• Promises
• The Feast
Mapping