Download 1-15-09 AGM Batteries Presentation

WHAT ARE AGM
BATTERIES?
Presented By: Bruce Purkey
President
Purkey’s Fleet Electric
NAFTA Battery Development Continues and Its Pace
Increases as Electric Demands Increase
Lead Acid Battery Invented
Cadillac Production of Electric Starter with 6 Volt Battery
Charles Kettering and Dayton Electronic Lab Company
Production of 6 volt Passenger Car Ends
Maintenance Free Batteries
Calcium versus Antimony
Add Distilled Water Era
1860
1912
1968
1980
2000
2002 2005
Silica Added to Create Deep Discharge Gel Cells
3+1 and 2+2 Designs for Driver Convenience
Dual Purpose Batteries with Low Voltage Disconnect
Absorbed (or Advanced) Glass Mat Batteries, Progressive Low Voltage Disconnect, Mechanical Load Disconnect
Future holds Lithium Ion 330 Volts +, Ultra-Capacitor and Fuel Cells
AGM BATTERIES
• AGM Batteries Were Invented In 1980
• Introduced In 1985 For Military Aircraft
AGM BATTERIES
• Telecommunications/Electronics
– Proven Technology
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Battery Backup Systems
Alarm Systems
Telephones
Traffic Signals/Counters
AGM – Absorbed Glass Mat
• VRLA means it is a variant of lead acid
– Not a wet cell, but a sealed lead acid or maintenance free type
• Slight pressure inside to improve the recombination process
– Valve Regulated means there is a pressure relief valve
• Valve Regulated Lead Acid
Why the move to AGM batteries now?
• New engines are harder to start
– Generally tighter when dry to eliminate oil leaks for emissions (closed
crankcase)
– Cold temperatures accentuate the tightness of the engine
– AGM batteries have low internal resistance, especially at time of starting
engines
• Replacing Gel cells since they provide good discharge for driver comforts
– Can be discharged to lower levels of State of Charge
– Less sensitive to charge voltage than Gel cells
– Recharge faster
• Safest lead acid battery
– Will not spill or leak
– Little chance of explosion or corrosion
• Store very well losing only 1% to 3% of charge per month
– Do not tend to sulfate or degrade
• Withstand shock and vibration better
AGM batteries give the driver a
little more energy
State Of Charge Comparison
% Charge
Flooded
AGM
100
12.65
12.8+
75
12.40
12.60
63
12.30
12.45
50
12.20
12.30
25
12.00
12.00
0
11.80
11.80
CURRENT LVD SETPOINT WITH FLOODED CELL:
12.3 V / 63% State Of Charge
WHAT LVD SETPOINT WITH AGM?
#
O
F
C
Y
C
L
E
S
650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0-
J-2185 CYCLES
FLOODED
925 CCA
FLOODED
700 CCA
DUAL PURP.
AGM
925 CCA
AGM BATTERIES
• Advantages
– Cycles
• 1.5 Times More Than Flooded Cell Comparable
– Vibration
• Can Withstand Severe Vibration
– Efficiency
• Recovers Faster
• Recharges To A Usable Point Faster
– Non-Spillable
• Can Be Mounted In Any Orientation
AGM BATTERIES
• Disadvantages
– Acid Starved
– More Susceptible To Overcharge
– Cost
AGM BATTERIES
• Different Batteries For Specific Applications
– Starting / Dual Purpose
– Dual Purpose / Deep Cycle
IMPLEMENTATION OF AGM
BATTERIES AT MY FLEET
Presented By: Carl Tapp, CDM/E
Vice President of Maintenance
P.A.M. Transport, Inc.
Why Am I Here?
New Tractors Came With AGM
Batteries As Standard
• Tractor OEM is requiring AGM starting
batteries with a specific engine.
• No “Change Order” required.
Asked Questions At Last TMC
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Has anyone trained your fleet or dealership on AGMs?
Has anyone justified a $100 per battery upcharge?
Has anyone justified the added weight?
Are you ready to upgrade or replace your testers?
Are you ready to modify or replace your chargers?
Have you modified your jumpstart procedures?
Have you modified your in house and over the road
battery replacement procedures?
Educated Myself
• Research
• Asked A Lot of Questions
Comparing Battery Types on Average Engine
Cranking Speed – Cable Resistance 0.0008 ohms,
5W30 Oil,
120
105
110
100
90
90
RPM
90
80
105
85
85
72
80
67
67
65
70
60
50
50
-25 Deg C
40
-20 Deg C
30
-15 Deg C
20
-10 Deg C
10
0
-25 Deg C
-20 Deg C
-5 Deg C
4X1000CCA_1231
4000
CCA Flooded Starting
4X800CCA_AGM
3200 CCA AGM
4X700CCA_7T31
2800
Flooded Dual Purpose
72
90
65
85
50
67
-20 Deg C ( -4 Deg
105F )
-15 Deg C
-10 Deg C
-5 Deg C
80
105
Comparing Engine Oil with 4X1000 CCA
Batteries, Cable Resistance 0.0008 Ohms
110
100
90
89
72
80
RPM
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
5W30
15W40
89
72
-25 Deg C
-20 Deg C
-15 Deg C
-10 Deg C
-5 Deg C
STARTER RPM LOSS
OIL COMPARISON
DUAL PURPOSE (700 CCA) BATTERY PACK
5W30
10W30
15W40
23°
3°
NO START
Current with 15W40 at 23° is 2600 amps.
Current with 10W30 at 3° is 2200 amps.
Current with 5W30 at -3° is 2000 amps.
-3°
DUAL PURPOSE (700 CCA)
BATTERY PACK vs. HIGH CCA
BATTERY PACK
Regardless of what oil is being used, there is not a
significant difference between a dual purpose (700 CCA)
battery pack and a high CCA battery pack.
5W30
10W30
15W40
NO START
TEMPERATURE
DUAL PURPOSE W/ 5W30
DUAL PURPOSE W/ 10W30
DUAL PURPOSE W/ 15W40
HIGH CCA W/ 5W30
HIGH CCA W/ 10W30
HIGH CCA W/ 15W40
Now It Is Time To
Implement Changes
Train Technicians and Road Rescue
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How to identify
How to handle them properly and safely
How to test
How to recharge if needed
INVENTORY
• Double inventory
– Must now carry flooded cell and AGM
batteries
Testing
• Tester Must Be Compatible With AGM Batteries
• Software Changes May Be Necessary
• New Test Equipment May Be Required
• Tester reprogram or recalibration to include AGM
Shop Charging
• Many Common Chargers Are Not Fully
Compatible With AGM Batteries
• Some Chargers May Produce Severe Battery
Damage in Only A Few Hours
Multi-Channel Smart Charger
Micro-controller added to
each channel of the
charger to limit the
maximum allowed
charging voltage,
eliminating the chance to
damage the battery.
AGM
COMPATIBLE
Roll-A-Round Charger
Reconfigure the charger to
limit the maximum allowed
charging voltage,
eliminating the chance to
damage the battery.
Summary
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New or reprogrammed testers
New or reprogrammed wall chargers
New or reprogrammed roll-a-round chargers
Train technicians and road rescue
New Procedures
New Signs
Bring on the AGM
batteries….we are ready!
THANK YOU!