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GENETICS PRACTICE O T T F F S S E __ What comes next? It’s EASY if you know the PATTERN! (Just like Punnett Squares) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 N O T T F F S S E __ N WH O I I E I I E OR UV X V GN E R E E HE E NT PRACTICE MAKING GAMETES WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE GAMETES THIS PARENT CAN MAKE? HETEROZYGOUS ROUND YELLOW Each gamete should get one of each kind of gene RrYy R Y r y rY Ry ___________ ____________ _____________ _____________ RY RY Ry rY RRYY RRYy RrYY ry RrYy ____ 9 Round & Yellow RRYy RRyy RrYy Rryy 3 Round & ____ green rY RrYY RrYy rrYY rrYy 3 Wrinkled ____ & yellow ry RrYy Rryy 1 wrinkled ____ & green Ry rrYy rryy heterozygous dihybrid Sign of a ______________________ cross is a 9:3:3:1 _____________ ratio in offspring. ____ 9 ____________ dominant TRAIT 1 ; ____________ dominant TRAIT 2 3 ____________ dominant TRAIT 1; _____________ recessive ____ TRAIT 2 ____ recessive TRAIT 1; _____________ dominant TRAIT 2 3 ____________ ____ TRAIT 2 1 ____________ recessive TRAIT 1; _____________ recessive 9:3:3:1 __________ratio is a clue that it’s a HETEROZYGOUS TWO gene _________________________cross (DIHYBRID) Making offspring with MULTIPLICATION What is the probability? AaBBCcdd parent genome What is the probability of producing a gamete with this gene combination? ABCd _____________________________ AbCd ______________________________ aBcd _______________________________ What is the probability? AaBBCcdd X AabbCCDd parents What is the probability of producing a offspring with this gene combination? AABbCcDd _____________________________ AaBBccdd______________________________ aaBbccDd_______________________________ What is the probability? AaBBCcdd parent genome What is the probability of producing a gamete with this gene combination? ABCd _____________________________ Abcd ______________________________ ABcd _______________________________ PEDIGREES = male; doesn’t show trait = female; doesn’t show trait = shows trait = carrier; doesn’t show trait The genotype of F1 individuals in a tetrahybrid cross is AaBbCcDd X AaBbCcDd Assuming independent assortment of these four genes, what are the probabilities that F2 offspring will have the following genotypes? aabbccdd ______________________________ AaBbCcDd ______________________________ AaBBCCdd ______________________________ t t T t Tt tt IF GENE is AUTOSOMAL and RECESSIVE TO + Expect 1:1 tt 50% -Dominant 50% - Recessive Tt http://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/mutant_flies/curly-wings.gif RY ry ry . RrYy RrYy Ry rY rryy ____ 4 Round & Yellow rrYy rryy 4 Round & ____ green Rryy rrYy Rryy ry ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy 4 Wrinkled ____ & yellow ry RrYy Rryy rrYy 4 wrinkled ____ & green 1:1:1:1 rryy ____ 9 ____________ dominant TRAIT 1 ; ____________ dominant TRAIT 2 3 ____________ dominant TRAIT 1; _____________ recessive ____ TRAIT 2 ____ recessive TRAIT 1; _____________ dominant TRAIT 2 3 ____________ ____ TRAIT 2 1 ____________ recessive TRAIT 1; _____________ recessive 9:3:3:1 __________ratio is a clue that it’s a HETEROZYGOUS TWO gene _________________________cross (DIHYBRID) A Wild type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body and normal wings) is mated with a black fly with vestigial wings. OFFSPRING: 778- wild type 785- black-vestigial 158- black- normal wings 162- gray body-vestigial wings Is it 9:3:3:1? Is it 3 Wild type : 1 black vestigial? A Wild type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body and normal wings) is mated with a black fly with vestigial wings. OFFSPRING: 778- wild type 785- black-vestigial 158- black- normal wings 162- gray body-vestigial wings What is the recombination frequency between these genes? A Wild type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body and normal wings) is mated with a black fly with vestigial wings. OFFSPRING: 721- wild type 696- black-vestigial 236- black- normal wings 212- gray body-vestigial wings What is the recombination frequency between these genes? A Wild type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body and red eyes) is mated with a black fly with purple eyes. OFFSPRING: 721- gray body/red eyes 751- black body/purple eyes 49- gray body/purple eyes 45- black body/red-eyes What is the recombination frequency between these genes? Determine the sequence of genes along a chromosome based on the following recombination frequencies A-B 8% A-C 28% A-D 25% B-C 20% B-D 33% Determine the sequence of genes along a chromosome based on the following recombination frequencies A-C 20% A-D 10% B-C 15% B-D 5% Determine the sequence of genes along a chromosome based on the following recombination frequencies A-C 10% A-D 30% B-C 24% B-D 16% Determine the sequence of genes along a chromosome based on the following recombination frequencies A-B 8% A-C 28% A-D 25% B-C 20% B-D 33%
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