Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Announcements • Exam 11/9 • Population Lab due this week 2. Invasive Species are species that evolved elsewhere • Most are not a problem • Some become invasive – out-compete native species Purple Loosestrife Asian Longhorn Beetle What do we mean when we say something is endangered or threatened? • Endangered Species are in danger of becoming extinct • Threatened Species are those that are likely to become endangered Ex. Grizzly Bear Ex. Black footed ferret Ex. Least Tern Keystone species = without them other species would suffer Ex. Prairie Dogs • Black Footed Ferrets (endangered) eat prairie dogs and live in burrows • Burrowing Owls (threatened) live in burrows Umbrella species require large blocks of undisturbed habitat. Ex. Greater Sage Grouse Protecting it will protect 39 other species March 2010 denied adding Greater Sage Grouse to the Endangered Species Act A. Laws: 1. Endangered Species Act (ESA) attempts to save as much biodiversity as possible • It is illegal to harm a species listed as endangered or its habitat Ex. Karner Ex. Florida Panther Blue Butterfly Ex. Whooping Crane • Currently 1,300 species in U.S. are listed as endangered • Successes – 29 species including Bald Eagle have been removed or downgraded What might have been a reason the Greater Sage Grouse was denied listing as an Endangered Species? 25% 25% 25% 2 3 25% 1. They need large tracts of land 2. They are an umbrella species 3. They are a prey animal 4. Birds are not listed on the ESA 1 4 2. Exotic species control laws make it illegal to plant or transport invasive species. Ex. water milfoil 3. Hunting laws restrict what species can be hunted and when. Ex. white-tailed deer 4. Pollution Control Laws Ex. clean water act http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/pictures/warning.jpg B. Captive Breeding and Reintroduction • Species are raised in captivity and releasing into the wild Ex. Peregrine Falcon Problems with Captive Breeding • • • Won’t breed in captivity Imprinting – birds think they are the wrong species Lack ability to find food and/or mates when released into the wild • • Expensive! Do not have capacity to save all species this way – Who do we save? • Not a permanent solution. Need to fix wild habitat C. Habitat Protection • Preservation of ecosystems saves many species. • Ex. Florida Panther Refuge • Habitat for 24 species of endangered, threatened species plus126 bird species, 46 species of reptiles and amphibians, 22 species of mammals and a large variety of fish. C. Habitat Protection • More cost effective to protect large tracts of land as opposed to focusing efforts on a single species • Sustain all native species in a given area Ex. Yellowstone • 1st national park was Yellowstone • 2 million acres in Wyoming, Idaho and Montana • Animals outside of parks are sometimes shot Solution: • Land in addition to parks need to be preserved because animals roam Animals are struck by cars • Over 15% of Florida Panther population lost last year due to car accidents. Approx 100 Habitat Protection is the best way to save species because 1. It often saves habitat for several species 2. It is more cost effective than focusing on a single species 3. It is a long term solution 4. All of the above 25% 1 25% 25% 2 3 25% 4 Protecting habitat in other countries Debt-for-nature swaps • Buy debt a developing country has and agree to cancel it if the country protects land