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Chapter 3 Review Chemistry of Life Atoms • The smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means Covalent Bonds • Bonds between the atoms that make up water molecules Ions • An atom that has either has lost or gained an electron Solutions • Is a mixture of evenly distributed substances Water • Water is polar and therefore polar substances dissolve in it. Chemical Reactions • In chemical reactions energy may be absorbed, released, and required. Energy • Without energy organisms can not: – Maintain homeostasis – Carry out chemical reactions – Make their own food Carbon • The basic unit of most biomolecules contain Compounds • Are formed when atoms of two different elements join together Enzymes • Reduce the activation energy of chemical reactions Basic • Having a pH between 7 and 14 Cohesion • An attraction between substances of the same kind Adhesion • An attraction between different substances Acid Acids • Are compounds that form extra hydronium ions when dissolved in water RNA • Subunits are made of a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group Carbohydrates • A class of organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio Lipids • A class of organic compounds that include fats, steroids, and waxes ATP • Provides temporary storage of energy for cells Protein • A molecular chain of amino acids pH • A measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in solutions Test •Tomorrow on Chapter 2 •Please Study these notes
