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H2OWESOME Round IV Kelsey, Alex, and Michael Body Water Levels Euhydration Overhydration (hyperhydration) Dehydration Euhydration “Normal” body water levels Males – 55-60% Females – 50-55% Maintained relatively well due to thirst and hunger (for people who can satisfy each) Impossible to set general requirements for hydration Euhydration Properly regulates body temperature Sustains proper cardiovascular function Maintains effective nutrient delivery Cell homeostasis Proper blood viscosity and plasma levels Overhydration (hyperhydration) Body contains too much water – water intoxication Cannot excrete water – normal sodium level diluted [hyponatrimia] Rarely occurs from water consumption alone With normal heart, kidney, and pituitary gland function, individual would need to consume an excess of two gallons of water a day. Symptoms of Overhydration The brain is most susceptible to overhydration Change in behavior Confused Drowsy Inattentive Nausea/vomiting Acidosis – abnormally high acid content in blood and body tissue Anemia Risk Factors for Overhydration Most common with individuals with impaired kidney function Infants at greater risk due to lack of kidney development Often occurs in healthcare field when provider administers more fluids than body can handle due to condition. Coma Kidney failure Heart disease Uncontrolled diabetes Prevent Overhydration Take weight after bouts of intense physical activity to replenish proper amounts of fluid. 1 lb lost – replenish with 15 oz. water Avoid drinking more than 1 liter of water per hour Be aware of medical conditions and treatments Dehydration Loss of body fluids (mainly water) exceeds amount taken in. Lose water in a variety of ways Potty breaks Sweat – includes body water and electrolytes Breathing Rate at which we lose water varies from person to person Symptoms of Dehydration Weakness/fatigue Headache Dry mouth Dizziness Fever Inability to sweat More Symptoms of Dehydration Increased body temperature Increased heart rate For each liter of sweat loss, heart rate increase 8 beats per minute Decrease in cardiac output For each liter of sweat loss, cardiac output decreases 1 liter per minute Decreased efficiency of nutrient delivery Decreased blood plasma volume Risk Factors for Dehydration Chronic or acute illness/disease Consumption of diuretics Bouts of exercise Heat exposure Poor diet Prevent Dehydration Take weight after bouts of intense physical activity to replenish proper amounts of fluid. 1 lb lost – replenish with 15 oz. water Hydrate properly prior to exercise Combination of water and electrolyte rich drinks Avoid exercise in high heat Replenish fluids during and after exercise Monitor urine color – pale yellow to clear = euhydration dark yellow = dehydration Sources... Exercise Phys. Text Book http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/water_a_vital_nutrient http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dehydration-adults?page=3#5 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/ http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a559016.pdf
